{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:07:22Z","timestamp":1787018842816,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,19]],"date-time":"2015-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1445212800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Nutr Bull"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The nature and severity of 3 categories of maternal stressors (nutritional, infectious, and psychosocial) that may impact maternal health and early infant growth are not often considered together.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe quantitative methodologies; assess construct validity of questionnaires; report variability in sociodemographic, obstetric, nutritional, infectious, and psychosocial characteristics; and compare characteristics between pregnancy and lactation and between study cohorts of Mam-Mayan mother\u2013infant dyads.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Grounded in participatory action research and a socioecological framework, this observational study enrolled a longitudinal cohort of 155 women, followed during pregnancy (6-9 months), early (0-6 weeks), and later (4-6 months) postpartum, and 2 cross-sectional cohorts (60 early and 56 later postpartum). Household and social factors; obstetric history; nutritional, infectious, and psychosocial stressors; and infant characteristics were explored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diet diversity (3.4 \u00b1 1.3) and adult food security (38%) were low. Urinary and gastrointestinal infections were rare (&lt;5%), whereas experience of local idioms of distress was frequent (20%-50%). Participants reported low maternal autonomy (81%), high paternal support (70%), small social support networks (2.7 \u00b1 1.3 individuals), and high trust in family (88%) and community-based institutions (61%-65%) but low trust in government services (6%). Domestic violence was commonly reported (22%). Infant stunting was common (36% early postpartum and 43% later postpartum) despite frequent antenatal care visits (7.5 \u00b1 3.8). Participant engagement with the research team did not influence study outcomes based on comparisons between longitudinal and cross-sectional cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The variability in sociodemographic, nutritional, and psychosocial variables, will allow exploration of factors that promote resilience or increase vulnerability of the mother\u2013infant dyad.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0379572115610944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,20]],"date-time":"2015-10-20T00:26:58Z","timestamp":1445300818000},"page":"415-440","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Quantitative Methodologies Reveal a Diversity of Nutrition, Infection\/Illness, and Psychosocial Stressors During Pregnancy and Lactation in Rural\n                    <i>Mam<\/i>\n                    -Mayan Mother\u2013Infant Dyads From the Western Highlands of Guatemala"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Anne Marie","family":"Chomat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noel W.","family":"Solomons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Center for Studies of Sensory Impairment, Aging and Metabolism (CeSSIAM), Guatemala City, Guatemala"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristine G.","family":"Koski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilary M.","family":"Wren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marieke","family":"Vossenaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Studies of Sensory Impairment, Aging and Metabolism (CeSSIAM), Guatemala City, Guatemala"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilyn E.","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0379572115610944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60937-X"},{"key":"bibr2-0379572115610944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/134.10.2579"},{"key":"bibr3-0379572115610944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5546\/aap.2012.311"},{"key":"bibr4-0379572115610944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61693-6"},{"key":"bibr5-0379572115610944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.5.1661S"},{"key":"bibr6-0379572115610944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767050802360783"},{"key":"bibr7-0379572115610944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.09.054"},{"key":"bibr8-0379572115610944","volume-title":"Improving Child Nutrition: The Achievable Imperative for Global Progress","author":"United Nations Children\u2019s Fund","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr9-0379572115610944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-200009000-00016"},{"key":"bibr10-0379572115610944","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/156482650302400309","volume-title":"The Importance of Women\u2019s Status for Child Nutrition in Developing Countries","author":"Smith LC","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr11-0379572115610944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2008.081810"},{"key":"bibr12-0379572115610944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12096"},{"issue":"8","key":"bibr13-0379572115610944","first-page":"607","volume":"287","author":"Surkan PJ, Kennedy CE","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"bibr14-0379572115610944","volume-title":"La Comunicaci\u00f3n Entre Paciente y Trabajadores de Salud en una Sociedad Multi\u00e9tnica","author":"Mosquera Saravia MT","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr15-0379572115610944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11013-009-9145-3"},{"key":"bibr16-0379572115610944","volume-title":"Closing the gap in a generation: health equity through action on the social determinants of health. 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