{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T22:51:01Z","timestamp":1794091861307,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Nutr Bull"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pernicious anemia (PA) is a type of macrocytic anemia caused by autoimmune gastritis. To facilitate timely diagnosis and treatment of PA there is a pressing need for improved understanding among Healthcare providers of the condition\u2019s symptoms and diagnostic criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review aims to extend existing clinical knowledge on the presentation of PA by determining which symptoms and clinical complications are reported in published adult case studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Relevant studies were identified through electronic searches of PsycINFO, Embase, and MEDLINE, via OvidSP. During data extraction symptoms were categorized according to the International Classification of Diseases and were grouped based on frequency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Symptoms were documented for 103 adults with a diagnosis of PA; the most frequent symptoms were fatigue (55%), loss of sensation in limbs (32%), excessive weight loss (27%), and a sore tongue (23%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This review highlights the diverse symptomology of adults who are diagnosed with PA. Most symptoms documented in case studies are consistent with the core signs of B\n                      <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                      and folate deficiencies. Research is needed to identify if there are common clusters of PA symptoms that can be used as prompts for diagnostic testing in patients with suspected B\n                      <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                      deficiency.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03795721241227016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T23:50:06Z","timestamp":1720655406000},"page":"S34-S39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A Systematic Review of Symptoms of Pernicious Anemia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8590-867X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine Heidi","family":"Seage","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff School of Sport & Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexis","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Psychology, Cardiff School of Sport & Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Gateway, Leicester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lenira","family":"Semedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0483-2029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara H. M.","family":"Plattel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"B12 Research Institute Foundation, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7222-2240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kim I. M.","family":"Suijker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"B12 Research Institute Foundation, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolande Y.","family":"Vis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delyth H.","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Psychology in Pharmacy Practice, Cardiff School of Sport & Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-03795721241227016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g5226"},{"key":"bibr2-03795721241227016","volume":"369","author":"Mohamed M","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"21","key":"bibr3-03795721241227016","first-page":"2041","volume":"368","author":"Stabler SP","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"bibr4-03795721241227016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.26947A"},{"key":"bibr5-03795721241227016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.333.7564.385"},{"key":"bibr6-03795721241227016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-10-569186"},{"key":"bibr7-03795721241227016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2374373519883497"},{"key":"bibr8-03795721241227016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2014.23.7.376"},{"key":"bibr9-03795721241227016","unstructured":"British Society for Haematology. Diagnosis of B12 and Folate Deficiency. 2014. https:\/\/b-s-h.org.uk\/guidelines\/guidelines\/diagnosis-of-b12-and-folate-deficiency (accessed July 7, 2023)."},{"key":"bibr10-03795721241227016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocpiqo.2019.03.002"},{"key":"bibr11-03795721241227016","unstructured":"National Institute of Health and Care Excellence. Vitamin B12 deficiency, including pernicious anaemia: diagnosis and management. 2021."},{"key":"bibr12-03795721241227016","volume":"372","author":"Page MJ","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"bibr13-03795721241227016","unstructured":"Seage CH, Bennett A. A review of the symptoms of B12 deficiency and how these impact on quality of life. PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022335508. 2022. https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/prospero\/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022335508"},{"key":"bibr14-03795721241227016","unstructured":"World Health Organization. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. 11th ed. 2009. https:\/\/icd.who.int\/ JBI"},{"key":"bibr15-03795721241227016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11124\/JBISRIR-D-19-00099"},{"key":"bibr16-03795721241227016","volume":"10","author":"Cotton M","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Patient Exp"},{"issue":"8","key":"bibr17-03795721241227016","first-page":"530","volume":"14","author":"Pakhomov SV","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"bibr18-03795721241227016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15317"}],"container-title":["Food and Nutrition Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03795721241227016","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/03795721241227016","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03795721241227016","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T06:19:56Z","timestamp":1777443596000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/03795721241227016"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1_suppl","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/03795721241227016"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03795721241227016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0379-5721","1564-8265"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0379-5721","type":"print"},{"value":"1564-8265","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}}}