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To obtain a sustained release of these cytokines, heparin was incorporated into collagen matrices using 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethyl-aminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinmide (NHS). The functionality of the heparinized collagen matrices was then enhanced by immobilization of VEGF via its heparin-binding domain. This procedure changed in vitro degradation behavior and water-binding capacity. Accelerated endothelial cell proliferation was also achieved. A range of different heparin and EDC\/NHS concentrations in combination with VEGF induced variation in endothelial cell growth and tubulogenic formation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Polymerized collagen scaffolds presented biointeractive systems with integrated angiogenic activity. 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