{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T09:42:30Z","timestamp":1784626950136,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]],"date-time":"2007-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1191196800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Artif Organs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      \u03b22-microglobulin amyloidosis (A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      M) is one of the main long-term complications of dialysis treatment. The incidence and the onset of A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      M has been related to membrane composition and\/or dialysis technique, with non-homogeneous results. This study was carried out to detect: i) the incidence of bone cysts and CTS from A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      M; ii) the difference in A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      M onset between cellulosic and synthetic membranes; iii) other risk factors besides the membrane.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      480 HD patients were selected between 1986 to 2005 and grouped according to the 4 types of membranes used (cellulose, synthetically modified cellulose, synthetic low-flux, synthetic high-flux). The patients were analyzed before and after 1995, when the reverse osmosis treatment for dialysis water was started at our center, and the incidence of A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      M was compared between the two periods. Routine plain radiography, computer tomography (CT) and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as well as electromyography were used to investigate the clinical symptoms.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Bone cysts occurred in 29.2% of patients before 1995 vs. 12.2% after 1995 (p&lt;0.0001). CTS occurred in 24% of patients before 1995 vs. 7.1% after 1995 (p&lt;0.0001). Bone cysts and CTS occurred in older patients, who began dialysis at a late age, with high CRP, low albumin, low residual GFR, and low Hb. Cox regression analysis showed that the risk factor for bone cysts was high CRP (RR 1.3, p&lt;0.01), while albumin (RR 0.14, p&lt;0.0001) and residual GFR (RR 0.81, p&lt;0.0001) were revealed to be protective factors. Cox analysis for CTS confirmed CRP as a risk factor (RR 1.2, p&lt;0.01), and albumin (RR 0.59, p&lt;0.0001) and residual GFR (RR 0.75, p&lt;0.0001) as protective factors. The comparison obtained between membranes did not suggest any protective effect on A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      M.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The findings that the inflammatory status as well as low albumin and the residual GFR of the uremic patient are predictive of A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      M lesions suggests that A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      M has a multifactorial origin rather than being solely a membrane- or technique-related side effect.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/039139880703001003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,12]],"date-time":"2018-01-12T01:57:15Z","timestamp":1515722235000},"page":"864-878","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Is \u03b22-Microglobulin-Related Amyloidosis of Hemodialysis Patients a Multifactorial Disease? a New Pathogenetic Approach"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Cianciolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Unit, S. Orsola University Hospital, Bologna - Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Col\u00ec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Unit, S. Orsola University Hospital, Bologna - Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"La Manna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Unit, S. Orsola University Hospital, Bologna - Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Bologna - Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Donati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Unit, S. Orsola University Hospital, Bologna - Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"D'addio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Unit, S. Orsola University Hospital, Bologna - Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Bologna - Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Comai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Unit, S. Orsola University Hospital, Bologna - Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Bologna - Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Unit, S. 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