{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T05:06:25Z","timestamp":1790053585427,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Penelitian Unggulan Fakultas","award":["66\/UN3.15\/PT\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["66\/UN3.15\/PT\/2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Artif Organs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stroke remains a leading cause of disability and death globally, with carotid stenosis as a major contributor. Carotid endarterectomy with patch angioplasty reduces restenosis risk, but current patch materials often lack biocompatibility and biodegradability. This study introduces a novel vascular patch composed of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and chitosan, coated with heparin, designed to promote tissue integration and safe degradation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A true experimental in vivo study was conducted using 54 Wistar rats, divided into three groups: (1) PLLA scaffold (Group K1\/K2), (2) PLLA-chitosan scaffold (Group P1\/P3), and (3) PLLA-chitosan with heparin coating scaffold (Group P2\/P4). Histological analyses at 14 and 56\u2009days post-implantation evaluated inflammatory response, fibrous capsule formation, and angiogenesis. Statistical analysis included ANOVA,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T<\/jats:italic>\n                      -test, and Mann\u2013Whitney\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">U<\/jats:italic>\n                      test (significance\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At 14\u2009days, inflammatory cell infiltration differed significantly among groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.019), with the PLLA-chitosan patch showing the lowest inflammatory cell count. By 56\u2009days, inflammation had subsided in all groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.989). Initial fibrous capsule thickness at 14\u2009days was higher in the heparin-coated group and differed significantly among groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.019), but by 56\u2009days all groups showed stable fibrous encapsulation with no significant differences (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.916). All implants supported neovascularization, with evidence of new blood vessel formation (angiogenesis) around the patch materials. No excessive fibrous tissue formation or cytotoxic effects were observed in any group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The heparin-coated PLLA-chitosan patch displayed good biocompatibility, modulating inflammation, and supporting neovascularization. These findings suggest its potential as a vascular graft for large vessel reconstruction, though further long-term studies are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03913988251409049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T06:07:04Z","timestamp":1768802824000},"page":"47-54","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Biocompatibility of heparin-coated PLLA-chitosan patch potentially usable for large blood vessel reconstruction: A Wistar rat histological study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7482-6281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusriandi","family":"Ramadhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9397-2188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahadian Indarto","family":"Susilo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6706-2896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nur Setiawan","family":"Suroto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dyah","family":"Fauziah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5155-2476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asra Al","family":"Fauzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0464-5482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Achmad","family":"Fahmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5636-5100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prihartini","family":"Widiyanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Study Program, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9607-7381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yurituna","family":"Firda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Study Program, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15406\/jnsk.2017.07.00238"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 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