{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T19:05:23Z","timestamp":1789326323468,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key Project of Anhui Provincial University Research Fund","award":["2024AH050809"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024AH050809"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Artif Organs"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Artificial liver support therapy (ALS) is increasingly used in liver failure, but its immunomodulatory effects remain incompletely understood. This pilot study aimed to investigate changes in plasma cytokines and T lymphocyte subsets following ALS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty-seven patients with liver failure who received ALS were enrolled. Plasma levels of TNF\u03b1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-2, and IFN-\u03b3, as well as T lymphocyte subsets (CD4+ T cell absolute count, CD4+\/CD8+ ratio), were measured before and after treatment. Paired\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2011tests were used for comparisons. Patients were dichotomized by median pre-treatment TNF\u03b1 level to compare clinical outcomes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After ALS, TNF\u03b1 levels decreased significantly (2.537\u2009\u00b1\u20091.519 vs 1.522\u2009\u00b1\u20090.749\u2009pg\/mL,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004). IL-4 also showed a significant reduction (1.463\u2009\u00b1\u20091.165 vs 0.893\u2009\u00b1\u20090.648\u2009pg\/mL,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.031). CD4+ T cell absolute count increased significantly (430.85\u2009\u00b1\u2009220.15 vs 636.63\u2009\u00b1\u2009429.27\u2009cells\/\u03bcL,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.034). Total T cell count showed an increasing trend (788.70 vs 1093.63\u2009cells\/\u03bcL,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.064). Patients with low pre-treatment TNF\u03b1 levels (below median) had a significantly higher improvement rate compared to those with high TNF\u03b1 levels (100% vs 71.4%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.036).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ALS therapy is associated with a significant reduction in TNF\u03b1 and a significant increase in CD4+ T cell absolute count, suggesting potential anti\u2011inflammatory and immune\u2011restorative effects. Lower baseline TNF\u03b1 levels may predict favorable short\u2011term outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03913988261479971","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T11:07:37Z","timestamp":1789124857000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Artificial liver support therapy alters TNF\u03b1 and CD4+ T cell counts in liver failure: A pilot self-controlled study"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuangshuang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yueying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuya","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2679-0701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1208937"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-017-0639-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e318256f0c0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/health.2011.31008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.47.2.309"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of Artificial Organs"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03913988261479971","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/03913988261479971","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/03913988261479971","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T18:51:47Z","timestamp":1789325507000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/03913988261479971"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"references-count":6,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/03913988261479971"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03913988261479971","relation":{},"ISSN":["0391-3988","1724-6040"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0391-3988","type":"print"},{"value":"1724-6040","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"article-number":"03913988261479971"}}