{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T23:14:54Z","timestamp":1768000494498,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,3]],"date-time":"2019-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562112000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Urologia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title><jats:p> In this study, we aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the percutaneous nephrolithotomy procedure performed with adult-sized instruments in pediatric cases with staghorn kidney stone. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p> We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of 94 percutaneous nephrolithotomy procedures performed during 15\u2009years in a single center for 82 pediatric patients with staghorn calculi using adult-sized instruments (24-Fr nephroscope). Stone free status was defined as complete clearance of the stones or the presence of insignificant residual stones of &lt;3\u2009mm in diameter. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p> The mean age was 108\u2009\u00b1\u200953\u2009months (range, 14\u2013180\u2009months). There were 39 patients (48%) with complete staghorn stones and 43 cases (52%) with partial staghorn. We fulfilled 91.4% of operations through a single access. The stone free rate was 86.6% after one percutaneous nephrolithotomy session. In total, seven patients referred for shock wave lithotripsy and four cases were scheduled for the second percutaneous nephrolithotomy session. Fever occurred in 18 patients (21%) and bleeding requiring transfusion in four children (5%). Prolonged leakage from nephrostomy site requiring anesthesia for double J stent placement occurred in one patient. No grade IV or V Clavien complication occurred. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p> The success rate and complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy with adult-size instruments in pediatric patients are acceptable. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0391560319858488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,3]],"date-time":"2019-07-03T17:04:01Z","timestamp":1562173441000},"page":"211-215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Percutaneous nephrolithotomy of staghorn renal stones in pediatric patients using adult-sized instrument"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Akbar","family":"Nouralizadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Department of Urology, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Pakmanesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abbas","family":"Basiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Department of Urology, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Hadi","family":"Radfar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Department of Urology, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1574-0055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Behzad","family":"Narouie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Department of Urology, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3945-3803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Behnam","family":"Shakiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abbas","family":"Vali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Department of Urology, Shahid 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