{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T21:32:44Z","timestamp":1777498364877,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Urologia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Bladder cancer (BC) has a particular importance in Egyptian patients due to aggressive behavior and absence of prognostic markers. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p> To evaluate the expression of gene and protein expression of HER2 and epidermal growth factor (EGFR) in Egyptian patients with BC and ultimately to investigate their clinical implication and prognostic significance. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p> The study was carried out on 46 patients with urothelial bladder BC. Tissue were obtained from transurethral resection ( N\u2009=\u200922) and radical cystectomy ( N\u2009=\u200924) specimens. The original hematoxylin and eosin slides were re-evaluated and the formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues which had sufficient tumor tissue (&gt;75%) and minimal or absent tumor necrosis were selected for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and RNA extraction. Furthermore, five control biopsies were obtained from patients with cystitis. Follow-up data were retrieved from the medical records which included the treatment regimen, disease recurrence and\/or progression, and survival. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p> EGFR and HER2 protein were overexpressed in 35% and 46% of patients respectively. EGFR was correlated with the tumor size, grade and pathological stage, with a similar trend for HER2. The recurrence rate was higher in patients with expression of any of the markers. Gene expression was significantly higher (10.6-folds) for EGFR and (21-folds) for HER2 in patients with BC in comparison to control patients. Survival analysis showed lower median disease-free survival in association with HER2 protein overexpression. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Our data highlighted the prognostic significance of EGFR and HER in BC and proposed their possible use as predictive markers and potential therapeutic targets. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03915603221150965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,21]],"date-time":"2023-01-21T05:25:15Z","timestamp":1674278715000},"page":"248-260","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 in urothelial bladder carcinoma in an Egyptian cohort: Clinical implication and prognostic significance"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Manal M","family":"Sami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine \u2013 Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5484-487X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud H","family":"Sherief","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine \u2013 Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1816-4009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taghrid B","family":"El-Abaseri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine \u2013 Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed I","family":"El-Sakka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine \u2013 Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed T","family":"El-Serafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine \u2013 Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, 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