{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T08:55:58Z","timestamp":1777712158230,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,2]],"date-time":"2016-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456876800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Allergic diseases are complex identities determined by an interplay of genetic and environmental factors, resulting in the clinical manifestation of the disease. So far in Italy, updated data about the prevalence and risk factors of respiratory and allergic diseases in preschool children are not available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children aged 3\u20135 years, attending four different nursery schools in an urban district of the city of Rome. A standardized questionnaire developed under the SIDRIA-2 protocol was administered to the parents of the children for the assessment of the potential risk factors and the outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 494 children were enrolled in the study; 289 of them (60.3%) performed a skin prick test (SPT). In the 12 months preceding the interviews, 15% of children experienced at least one episode of wheezing, 5.5% of allergic rhinitis, 11% of children had a doctor diagnosis of asthma, 12% of children who underwent the SPT were positive to at least one of the tested allergens, being diagnosed as atopic. The univariate analysis for the health outcomes of the study shows that asthma was positively associated with daycare attendance, mother\u2019s history of atopy, siblings\u2019 history of atopy, recurrent siblings\u2019 bronchitis, and dermatitis. Atopy was positively associated with mother\u2019s history of atopy and dermatitis, whereas there is a borderline protective association with recurrent siblings\u2019 bronchitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study represents a first comprehensive epidemiological evaluation of prevalence of respiratory and allergic diseases in children aged 3\u20135 years in the city of Rome and an updating of the evolution of allergic diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0394632016635656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,2]],"date-time":"2016-03-02T22:24:07Z","timestamp":1456957447000},"page":"308-319","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Prevalence and risk factors for atopic disease in a population of preschool children in Rome: Challenges to early intervention"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Luciana","family":"Indinnimeo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza Universit\u00e0 di Roma, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Porta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology of the Regional Health System of Lazio, Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Forastiere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology of the Regional Health System of Lazio, Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"De Vittori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza Universit\u00e0 di Roma, Rome, 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