{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T08:56:19Z","timestamp":1777712179045,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,7]],"date-time":"2016-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hyaluronic acid (HA) treatment has been successfully performed in patients with recurrent upper airway infections or rhinitis. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of the topical nasal administration of an HA-based compound by investigating its effects in children with recurrent or chronic middle ear inflammations and chronic adenoiditis. A prospective, single-blind, 1:1 randomised controlled study was performed to compare otoscopy, tympanometry and pure-tone audiometry in children which received the daily topical administration of normal 0.9% sodium chloride saline solution (control group) or 9 mg of sodium hyaluronate in 3 mL of a 0.9% sodium saline solution. The final analysis was based on 116 children (49.1% boys; mean age, 62.9 \u00b1 17.9 months): 58 in the control group and 58 in the study group. At the end of follow-up, the prevalence of patients with impaired otoscopy was significantly lower in the study group ( P value = 0.024) compared to baseline but not in the control group. In comparison with baseline, the prevalence of patients with impaired tympanometry at the end of the follow-up period was significantly lower in the study group ( P value = 0.047) but not in the control group. The reduction in the prevalence of patients with conductive hearing loss (CHL) ( P value = 0.008) and those with moderate CHL ( P value = 0.048) was significant in the study group, but not in the control group. The mean auditory threshold had also significantly improved by the end of treatment in the study group ( P value = 0.004) but not in the control group. Our findings confirm the safety of intermittent treatment with a topical nasal sodium hyaluronate solution and are the first to document its beneficial effect on clinical and audiological outcomes in children with recurrent or chronic middle ear inflammations associated with chronic adenoiditis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0394632016656012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]],"date-time":"2016-08-01T05:33:50Z","timestamp":1470029630000},"page":"438-442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Topical administration of hyaluronic acid in children with recurrent or chronic middle ear inflammations"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Torretta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Marchisio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal and Pediatric Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vittorio","family":"Rinaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Gaffuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Pascariello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Drago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology Laboratory, IRCCS Galeazzi Institute, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"LITA Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, L. Sacco Department of Clinical Science, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Baggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal and Pediatric Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Pignataro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0394632016656012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.2014.899902"},{"key":"bibr2-0394632016656012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599813490141"},{"key":"bibr3-0394632016656012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21053\/ceo.2016.9.1.33"},{"key":"bibr4-0394632016656012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002695"},{"key":"bibr5-0394632016656012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12254"},{"key":"bibr6-0394632016656012","first-page":"103","volume":"45","author":"Gelardi M","year":"2013","journal-title":"European Annals of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"},{"key":"bibr7-0394632016656012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21193"},{"key":"bibr8-0394632016656012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/039463201302600112"},{"key":"bibr9-0394632016656012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.5.1412"},{"key":"bibr10-0394632016656012","first-page":"8","volume":"188","author":"Gates GA","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annals of Otology Rhinology and Laryngology Supplement"},{"key":"bibr11-0394632016656012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001801.pub3"},{"key":"bibr12-0394632016656012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb\/8.4.393"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0394632016656012","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0394632016656012","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0394632016656012","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:04:30Z","timestamp":1777457070000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0394632016656012"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,7]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0394632016656012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0394632016656012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0394-6320","2058-7384"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0394-6320","type":"print"},{"value":"2058-7384","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,7]]}}}