{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:52:14Z","timestamp":1790812334410,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020950","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["110-2313-B-005 -042 -MY3, 113-2320-B-005 -010 -MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-2313-B-005 -042 -MY3, 113-2320-B-005 -010 -MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010101","name":"Taichung Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TCVGH-1137306C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TCVGH-1137306C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010101","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Advanced Plant and Food Crop Biotechnology Center from The Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education","award":["113S0023A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113S0023A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease with limited treatment options and associated side effects or resistance. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of the natural compound cucurbitacin B (CuB) in RA treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We utilized a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model to evaluate the effects of CuB. Arthritis scores, histological damage, and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (TNF-\u03b1, IL-17A) were assessed. In addition, network pharmacology analysis was performed to explore CuB\u2019s molecular mechanisms, focusing on Th17 cell differentiation, IL-17 signaling, and the JAK-STAT pathway.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CuB significantly reduced arthritis severity, decreased histological damage, and lowered the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in CIA mice. CuB was found to inhibit STAT3 phosphorylation and reduce the proportion of Th17 cells in the spleen, indicating its potential anti-inflammatory effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that cucurbitacin B may serve as a promising novel therapeutic agent for rheumatoid arthritis by targeting key inflammatory pathways.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/03946320251348715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T03:05:34Z","timestamp":1750820734000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Cucurbitacin B inhibits Th17 cell differentiation via the suppression of the JAK\/STAT pathway and alleviates collagen-induced arthritis in mice"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1467-4827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu-Ping","family":"Kung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, China, R.O.C."},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, China, R.O.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hira","family":"Umbreen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, China, R.O.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jou-Hsuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan, China, R.O.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Ming","family":"Tsia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA, R.O.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim Chi-Chen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, China, R.O.C."},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, China, R.O.C."},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, China, R.O.C."},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, China, R.O.C."},{"name":"The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, China, R.O.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4579-6498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Ting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, China, R.O.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2772"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.2002.0829"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"40197","article-title":"IL-17 stimulates the production and expression of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1\u03b2 and TNF-\u03b1, by human macrophages","volume":"278","author":"Jovanovic DV","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jovanovic DV, Di Battista JA, Martel-Pelletier J, et al. IL-17 stimulates the production and expression of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1\u03b2 and TNF-\u03b1, by human macrophages. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:40197\u201340204.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2008.00628.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2015.53"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000274"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2017.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","first-page":"387","article-title":"The \u2018therapeutic window\u2019 and treating to target in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Hunt L","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hunt L, Buch M. The \u2018therapeutic window\u2019 and treating to target in rheumatoid arthritis. 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JAK\/STAT pathway in pathology of rheumatoid arthritis (Review). Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:3498\u20133503.","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1300514"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327115595686"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114915"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","unstructured":"Cayman Chemical. Cucurbitacin B safety data sheet. Ann Arbor (MI): Cayman Chemical; 2023. Available at: https:\/\/cdn.caymanchem.com\/cdn\/msds\/14820m.pdf (accessed 9 November 2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","unstructured":"National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Cucurbitacin B. PubChem Compound Summary; 2025. 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