{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T08:23:58Z","timestamp":1790843038778,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,11,1]],"date-time":"2001-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1004572800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We describe a consecutive clinical sample of children and adolescents with bipolar disorder to define the pattern of comorbid anxiety and externalizing disorders (attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD] and conduct disorder [CD]) and to explore the possible influence of such a comorbidity on their cross-sectional and longitudinal clinical characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The sample comprised 43 outpatients, 26 boys and 17 girls, (mean age 14.9 years, SD 3.1; range 7 to 18), with bipolar disorder type I or II, according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. All patients were screened for psychiatric disorders using historical information and a clinical interview, the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-Revised (DICA-R). To shed light on the possible influence of age at onset, we compared clinical features of subjects whose bipolar onset was prepubertal or in childhood (&lt; 12 years) with those having adolescent onset. We also compared different subgroups with and without comorbid externalizing and anxiety disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bipolar disorder type I was slightly more represented than type II (55.8% vs 44.2%). Only 11.6% of patients did not have any other psychiatric disorder; importantly, 10 subjects (23.5%) did not show any comorbid anxiety disorder. Comorbid externalizing disorders were present in 12 (27.9%) patients; such comorbidity was related to the childhood onset of bipolar disorder type II. Compared with other subjects, patients with comorbid anxiety disorders more often reported pharmacologic (hypo)mania.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370104600902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,20]],"date-time":"2017-07-20T00:15:30Z","timestamp":1500509730000},"page":"797-802","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents with Bipolar Disorder: A Neglected Comorbidity"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Masi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Researcher, Division of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Pisa, IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Toni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Researcher, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, and Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Carrara-Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulio","family":"Perugi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Researcher, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, and Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Carrara-Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Mucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Researcher, Division of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Pisa, IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Millepiedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Researcher, Division of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Pisa, IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hagop S","family":"Akiskal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor of Psychiatry and Director, International Mood Center, Department of Psychiatry at the University of California at San Diego and Veterans Administration Medical Center, La Jolla, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1985.01790330076009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(86)90022-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199405000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199505000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.3.431"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199207000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199708000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199904000-00021"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"1093","article-title":"Resolved: Mania is mistaken for ADHD in prepubertal children\u2013negative","volume":"37","author":"Klein RG","year":"1998","unstructured":"Klein RG, Pine DS, Klein DF. 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