{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T03:49:53Z","timestamp":1777520993211,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,1]],"date-time":"2002-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1033430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comparative trial of 2 forms (interpretive and supportive) of short-term, time-limited individual (STI) therapy provided data that were used to test the propositions of the Howard and others phase model of psychotherapy change.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients completed the Integra Outpatient Tracking Assessment Form on 5 occasions during the 20-session treatments. The measure assesses 3 dimensions: subjective well-being, current symptoms, and current life dysfunction. Howard and others regard these as dimensions that represent successive phases in the therapy change process (that is, well-being improves first, followed by resolution of symptoms, and finally by change in long-standing life dysfunction). We conducted a test of their model, using their approach to data analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The comparative trial data provided no support for the phase model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Possible explanations for the absence of confirmatory findings are considered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370204700807","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,20]],"date-time":"2017-07-20T10:24:35Z","timestamp":1500546275000},"page":"759-766","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A Test of the Phase Model of Psychotherapy Change"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Anthony S","family":"Joyce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Ogrodniczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William E","family":"Piper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"McCallum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-070674370204700807","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.59.2.205"},{"key":"bibr2-070674370204700807","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.61.4.678"},{"key":"bibr3-070674370204700807","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.66.3.558"},{"key":"bibr4-070674370204700807","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.41.2.159"},{"key":"bibr5-070674370204700807","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.64.5.927"},{"key":"bibr6-070674370204700807","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/713663851"},{"key":"bibr7-070674370204700807","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.62.5.1009"},{"key":"bibr8-070674370204700807","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10503309512331331146"},{"key":"bibr9-070674370204700807","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.67.2.267"},{"key":"bibr10-070674370204700807","volume-title":"Mini-SCID","author":"First 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