{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:30:58Z","timestamp":1790112658902,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,1]],"date-time":"2008-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1220227200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Abnormal activations of neural networks implicated in auditory stimuli processing are hypothesized to generate auditory hallucinations (AH) in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Because repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has the potential to modulate neural network activity, several studies have explored its use in treating medication-resistant AH, with mixed results in small-to-medium patient samples. Our aim is to apply a metaanalytic approach to exploring the efficacy of rTMS in treating medication-resistant AH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A search of the electronic databases for studies comparing low-frequency (1 Hz) rTMS over the left temporoparietal cortex to sham stimulation in patients suffering from medication-resistant AH was performed. Our search was completed by cross-referencing the articles, searching the Current Controlled Trials website, and direct contact with relevant researchers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From 265 possible abstracts, 6 parallel-arm, double-blind placebo-controlled and 4 crossover controlled trials, all randomized, matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria ( n = 232). The primary outcome measure (effect of active treatment on AH at the end of the treatment) was tested with a random effect model and reached a significant homogeneous ES estimate (Hedges' g = 0.514; P = 0.001; 95CI%, 0.225 to 0.804; Q = 13.022; P = 0.162).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found that low-frequency rTMS over the left temporoparietal cortex has a medium ES action on medication-resistant AH. This result has implications for understanding the pathophysiology of psychotic symptoms (specifically AH) and supports the use of rTMS as a complementary treatment approach in patients suffering from treatment-resistant AH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectif:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Les activations anormales des r\u00e9seaux neuraux impliqu\u00e9es dans le traitement des stimuli sonores produisent hypoth\u00e9tiquement des hallucinations auditives (HA) dans les troubles du spectre de la schizophr\u00e9nie. Parce que la stimulation magn\u00e9tique transcranienne r\u00e9p\u00e9titive (SMTr) a le potentiel de moduler l'activit\u00e9 du r\u00e9seau neural, plusieurs \u00e9tudes en ont explor\u00e9 l'utilisation pour traiter les HA r\u00e9fractaires aux m\u00e9dicaments, avec des r\u00e9sultats partag\u00e9s dans des \u00e9chantillons de patients de taille modeste \u00e0 moyenne. Nous visons \u00e0 appliquer une approche m\u00e9ta-analytique afin de sonder l'efficacit\u00e9 de la SMTr pour traiter les HA r\u00e9fractaires aux m\u00e9dicaments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>M\u00e9thode:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Une recherche d'\u00e9tudes comparant la SMTr de faible fr\u00e9quence (1-Hz) sur le cortex temporo-pari\u00e9tal gauche pour feindre la stimulation chez des patients souffrant de HA r\u00e9fractaires aux m\u00e9dicaments a \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9e dans les bases de donn\u00e9es \u00e9lectroniques. Notre recherche a \u00e9t\u00e9 compl\u00e9t\u00e9e par une v\u00e9rification de concordance des articles, men\u00e9e au site Web des Current Controlled Trials, et par une communication directe avec les chercheurs concern\u00e9s.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>R\u00e9sultats:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sur les 265 r\u00e9sum\u00e9s possibles, 6 essais sur groupes parall\u00e8les, \u00e0 double insu et contr\u00f4l\u00e9s par placebo, et 4 essais crois\u00e9s contr\u00f4l\u00e9s, tous randomis\u00e9s, satisfaisaient aux crit\u00e8res d'inclusion et d'exclusion (total n = 232). La principale mesure de r\u00e9sultat (l'effet du traitement actif sur les HA au terme du traitement) a \u00e9t\u00e9 test\u00e9e par un mod\u00e8le \u00e0 effets al\u00e9atoires et a atteint une estimation de l'ampleur de l'effet homog\u00e8ne significative ( g de Hedges = 0,514; P = 0,001; 95 % IC, 0,225 \u00e0 0,804; Q = 13,022; P = 0,162).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nous acons constat\u00e9 que la SMTr de faible fr\u00e9quence sur le cortex temporo-pari\u00e9tal gauche a une action d'ampleur d'effet moyenne sur les HA r\u00e9fractaires aux m\u00e9dicaments. Ce r\u00e9sultat a des implications pour comprendre la pathophysiologie des sympt\u00f4mes psychotiques (sp\u00e9cifiquement les HA) et soutient l'utilisation de la SMTr comme m\u00e9thode de traitement compl\u00e9mentaire chez les patients souffrant de HA r\u00e9fractaires au traitement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370805300904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,10]],"date-time":"2017-01-10T20:04:43Z","timestamp":1484078683000},"page":"577-586","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Should We Treat Auditory Hallucinations with Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation? 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