{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T09:13:41Z","timestamp":1784366021489,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]],"date-time":"2011-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314835200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Can J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although commonly encountered, little work has defined the longitudinal course of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and the influence of residual posttreatment symptoms on longer-term outcome. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of posttreatment clinical states on longer-term outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients ( n = 118) with TRD received specialist inpatient treatment and were followed-up for a median of 3 years. Longitudinal outcome dichotomized into good and poor outcome was used as the primary outcome and functional measures were used as secondary outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 118 treated patients, 40 (34%) entered clinical remission, 36 (31%) entered partial remission, and 42 (37%) remained in episode at discharge. At follow-up, 35% had longitudinally defined poor outcome. Posttreatment clinical status was the main predictor of both poor and good outcome. Nearly 50% of patients achieved postdischarge recovery, and subsequently had longer-term outcome, comparable with patients discharged in remission. Patients who remained in episode posttreatment were more symptomatically and functionally impaired.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Posttreatment clinical states are a useful guide to clinicians for projecting the longer-term outcome of patients with TRD. The persistence of residual or syndromal symptoms predicts a poorer longer-term outcome, whereas treatment to remission is associated with better outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371105600906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,12]],"date-time":"2017-01-12T15:31:08Z","timestamp":1484235068000},"page":"549-557","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Long-Term Impact of Residual Symptoms in Treatment-Resistant Depression"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Abebaw","family":"Fekadu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Section of Neurobiology of Mood Disorders, London, England; Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah C","family":"Wooderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postdoctoral Researcher, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Section of Neurobiology of Mood Disorders, London, England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena J","family":"Rane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Researcher, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Section of Neurobiology of Mood Disorders, London, England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalypso","family":"Markopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant Psychiatrist, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Section of Neurobiology of Mood Disorders, London, England; Consultant Psychiatrist, Affective Disorders Unit, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust, London, England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Poon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Nurse, Affective Disorders Unit, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust, London, England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony J","family":"Cleare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Section of Neurobiology of Mood Disorders, London, England; Professor, Affective Disorders Unit, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust, London, England; Professor, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.106.445.1447"},{"key":"bibr2-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.119.2.144"},{"key":"bibr3-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.106.445.1432"},{"key":"bibr4-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.106.445.1443"},{"key":"bibr5-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.115.5.459"},{"key":"bibr6-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5439.881"},{"key":"bibr7-070674371105600906","first-page":"26","volume":"62","author":"Greden JF","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr8-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2006.163.11.1905"},{"key":"bibr9-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.1106e16","volume":"67","author":"Souery D","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr10-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.163.1.28"},{"key":"bibr11-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(03)00231-2"},{"key":"bibr12-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v66n0101","volume":"66","author":"Keller MB","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr13-070674371105600906","first-page":"18","volume":"62","author":"Kornstein SG","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr14-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(94)00042-P"},{"key":"bibr15-070674371105600906","first-page":"10","volume":"62","author":"Sackeim HA","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr16-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1991.01810330075011"},{"key":"bibr17-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.23.3152"},{"key":"bibr18-070674371105600906","first-page":"5","volume":"62","author":"Nierenberg AA","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr19-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2008.10.014"},{"key":"bibr20-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2010.11.002"},{"key":"bibr21-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b21605"},{"key":"bibr22-070674371105600906","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1987.01800180050009"},{"key":"bibr23-070674371105600906","volume-title":"The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders. 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