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The scope of the 2016 guidelines remains the management of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults, with a target audience of psychiatrists and other mental health professionals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using the question-answer format, we conducted a systematic literature search focusing on systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Evidence was graded using CANMAT-defined criteria for level of evidence. Recommendations for lines of treatment were based on the quality of evidence and clinical expert consensus. This section is the first of six guidelines articles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In Canada, the annual and lifetime prevalence of MDD was 4.7% and 11.3%, respectively. MDD represents the second leading cause of global disability, with high occupational and economic impact mainly attributable to indirect costs.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">DSM-5<\/jats:italic>\n                      criteria for depressive disorders remain relatively unchanged, but other clinical dimensions (sleep, cognition, physical symptoms) may have implications for depression management. e-Mental health is increasingly used to support clinical and self-management of MDD. In the 2-phase (acute and maintenance) treatment model, specific goals address symptom remission, functional recovery, improved quality of life, and prevention of recurrence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The burden attributed to MDD remains high, whether from individual distress, functional and relationship impairment, reduced quality of life, or societal economic cost. Applying core principles of care, including comprehensive assessment, therapeutic alliance, support of self-management, evidence-informed treatment, and measurement-based care, will optimize clinical, quality of life, and functional outcomes in MDD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0706743716659416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,2]],"date-time":"2016-08-02T22:59:23Z","timestamp":1470178763000},"page":"510-523","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":252,"title":["Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) 2016 Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Adults with Major Depressive Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Raymond W.","family":"Lam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane","family":"McIntosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JianLi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murray W.","family":"Enns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theo","family":"Kolivakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin E.","family":"Michalak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jitender","family":"Sareen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Yi","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sidney H.","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glenda M.","family":"MacQueen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roumen V.","family":"Milev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Ontario"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sagar V.","family":"Parikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arun V.","family":"Ravindran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the CANMAT Depression Work Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) clinical guidelines for the management of major depressive disorder in adults","volume":"11","author":"Kennedy SH","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kennedy SH, Lam RW, Parikh SV, . 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