{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T16:38:57Z","timestamp":1787589537851,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,26]],"date-time":"2019-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558828800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Strategic award to the sleep and circadian neurosc"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Strategic award to the sleep and circadian neurosc"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Can J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nightmares are relatively common in patients experiencing psychosis but rarely assessed or treated. Nightmares may maintain persecutory delusions by portraying fears in sensory-rich detail. We tested the potential benefits of imagery-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for nightmares on nightmare severity and persecutory delusions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This assessor-blind parallel-group pilot trial randomized 24 participants with nightmares and persecutory delusions to receive CBT for nightmares delivered over 4 weeks in addition to treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone. Assessments were at 0, 4 (end of treatment), and 8 weeks (follow-up). Feasibility outcomes assessed therapy uptake, techniques used, satisfaction, and attrition. The primary efficacy outcome assessed nightmare severity at week 4. Analyses were intention to treat, estimating treatment effect with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All participants offered CBT completed therapy (mean [SD], 4.8 [0.6] sessions) with high satisfaction, and 20 (83%) participants completed all assessments. Compared with TAU, CBT led to large improvements in nightmares (adjusted mean difference = \u22127.0; 95% CI, \u201312.6 to \u20131.3; d = \u20131.1) and insomnia (6.3; 95% CI, 2.6 to 10.0; d = 1.4) at week 4. Gains were maintained at follow-up. Suicidal ideation was not exacerbated by CBT but remained stable to follow-up, compared with TAU, which reduced at follow-up (6.8; 95% CI, 0.3 to 3.3; d = 0.7). CBT led to reductions in paranoia (\u201320.8; 95% CI, \u201343.2 to 1.7; d = \u20130.6), although CIs were wide. Three serious adverse events were deemed unrelated to participation (CBT = 2, TAU = 1).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CBT for nightmares is feasible and may be efficacious for treating nightmares and comorbid insomnia for patients with persecutory delusions. It shows promise on paranoia but potentially not on suicidal ideation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0706743719847422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]],"date-time":"2019-05-27T00:00:32Z","timestamp":1558915232000},"page":"686-696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Nightmares for Patients with Persecutory Delusions (Nites): An Assessor-Blind, Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2995-193X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryony","family":"Sheaves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK."},{"name":"Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily A.","family":"Holmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK."},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Sweden."},{"name":"Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Rek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn M.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Primary Care Clinical Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Oxford, 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A.","family":"Espie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK."},{"name":"Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Freeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK."},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Primary Care Clinical Trials Unit, University of Oxford, 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