{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T12:03:55Z","timestamp":1790337835430,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,4]],"date-time":"2020-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Can J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to determine the role of alcohol use disorder and other potential risk factors on persistence\/recurrence of major depression in a Canadian population sample.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were drawn from the National Population Health Survey (1994\/1995 to 2010\/2011), a prospective epidemiologic survey of individuals 12 years and older, living in 10 Canadian provinces ( N = 17,276). Participants were reinterviewed every 2 years for 9 cycles. This study population was a cohort of individuals who at baseline met the diagnosis of a major depressive episode (MDE) in the previous 12 months ( n = 908). After the 6-year (cycle 4) and 16-year (cycle 9) follow-up period, 124 of 718 participants and 79 of 461 participants met the criteria for MDE, respectively. Persistence or recurrence of major depression was defined as meeting a diagnosis of MDE after 6 years and 16 years. Modified Poisson regression models were used to assess the role of alcohol dependence and other risk factors on the persistence\/recurrence of major depression using Stata 14.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alcohol use disorder was significantly correlated with a 6-year (odds ratio [ OR]: 3.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.68 to 5.48; P &lt; .0001) and 16-year ( OR, 3.17; 95% CI, 1.15 to 8.77, P = 0.003) persistence\/recurrence of major depression. Other factors associated with the persistence\/recurrence of major depression include female sex, childhood traumatic events, chronic pain restricting activities, daily smoking, and low self-esteem.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Comorbid alcohol use disorder was found to be a strong risk factor for the persistence or recurrence of major depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0706743720923065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,4]],"date-time":"2020-05-04T12:38:05Z","timestamp":1588595885000},"page":"652-663","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Alcohol Use Disorder and the Persistence\/Recurrence of Major Depression: Le trouble de l\u2019usage de l\u2019alcool et la persistance\/r\u00e9currence de la 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