{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:07:30Z","timestamp":1787018850706,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,20]],"date-time":"2021-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637366400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIHR PS 159668"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIHR PS 159668"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Can J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Poisoning from psychoactive drugs and substance use disorders (SUD) have been reported among non-medical cannabis users. However, little is known about medical cannabis users and their risk for poisoning and\/or development of SUD. This study assessed the risk of emergency department (ED) visits or hospitalization for 1) poisoning by psychoactive drugs and 2) mental\/behavioural disorders due to the use of psychoactive drugs and other substances, in medically authorized cannabis patients in Ontario, Canada from 2014\u20132017.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cohort study of adult patients authorized for medical cannabis that were matched to population-based controls. ED visit\/hospitalization were assessed with a main diagnostic code for: 1) poisoning by psychoactive drugs; 2) mental and behavioural disorder due to psychoactive drugs or other substance use. Conditional Cox proportional hazards regressions were conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>18,653 cannabis patients were matched to 51,243 controls. During a median follow-up of 243 days, the incidence rate for poisoning was 4.71 per 1,000 person-years (95%CI: 3.71\u20135.99) for cases and 1.73 per 1,000 person-years (95% CI: 1.36\u20132.19) for controls. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) was 2.45 (95%CI: 1.56\u20133.84). For mental\/behavioural disorders, the incident rates were 8.89 (95% CI: 7.47\u201310.57) and 5.01 (95% CI: 4.36\u20135.76) in the cannabis and the controls group. The aHR was 2.27 (95%CI: 1.66\u20133.11). No difference was observed between males and females ( P-value for interaction &gt; 0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study observed a short-term increased risk of ED visit\/hospitalization for poisoning or for mental\/behavioural disorders (from use of psychoactive drugs and other substances)- in medically authorized cannabis patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/07067437211060597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,20]],"date-time":"2021-11-20T10:25:25Z","timestamp":1637403925000},"page":"544-552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Substance Use Disorders and Psychoactive Drug Poisoning in Medically Authorized Cannabis Patients: Longitudinal Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8812-3088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ars\u00e8ne","family":"Zongo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec City, Canada"},{"name":"Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, CHU de Qu\u00e9bec - Universit\u00e9 Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cerina","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihane","family":"El-Mourad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec City, Canada"},{"name":"Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, CHU de Qu\u00e9bec - Universit\u00e9 Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason R. B.","family":"Dyck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Hyshka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John G.","family":"Hanlon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Michael's Hospital Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2197-0463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dean T.","family":"Eurich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2017.17040413"},{"key":"bibr2-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.4.427"},{"key":"bibr3-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:BEGE.0000017868.07829.45"},{"key":"bibr4-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.3229"},{"key":"bibr5-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.8.1507"},{"key":"bibr6-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881117699616"},{"key":"bibr7-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12954-019-0278-6"},{"key":"bibr8-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3902740"},{"key":"bibr9-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2017.1397128"},{"key":"bibr10-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527316666170413104516"},{"key":"bibr11-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2017.11.001"},{"key":"bibr12-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-018-0862-2"},{"key":"bibr13-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2018.01.019"},{"key":"bibr14-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/can.2018.0036"},{"key":"bibr15-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2019-212438"},{"key":"bibr16-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2018.10.006"},{"key":"bibr17-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.1161"},{"key":"bibr18-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-017-4811-6"},{"key":"bibr19-07067437211060597","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-018-0209-3"}],"container-title":["The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/07067437211060597","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/07067437211060597","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/07067437211060597","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:14:48Z","timestamp":1777392888000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/07067437211060597"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,20]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/07067437211060597"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/07067437211060597","relation":{},"ISSN":["0706-7437","1497-0015"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0706-7437","type":"print"},{"value":"1497-0015","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,20]]}}}