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However, it is unclear whether emotion dysregulation and CU traits share underlying neurobiology that can be predictive of psychosocial treatment outcomes. In this preliminary study, we examined neural correlates of externalizing psychopathology dimensions and their prediction of treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed a pilot sample of 17 children with an externalizing disorder (9\u201312 years; 10.45\u2009\u00b1\u20091.02) who underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before participating in a 15-week psychosocial group intervention targeting conduct problems. We examined cross-sectional associations between emotion dysregulation or CU traits and cortical thickness (anterior cingulate cortex [ACC] and insula) and amygdala volume at baseline. We then examined whether the pre-treatment brain\u2013behaviour relationships were linked to reduction in conduct problems post-treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Lower ACC and insula thickness as well as amygdala volume was associated with greater levels of emotion dysregulation and CU traits at baseline (pre-treatment,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009|0.36\u20130.61|). There was a significant three-way interaction between emotion dysregulation\/CU traits, left insula\/right rostral ACC, and treatment (pre\/post; \u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22121.01 to 3.6). Overall, greater baseline insular and rostral ACC thickness was related to reductions in conduct problems following group-based psychosocial intervention regardless of baseline emotion dysregulation and CU trait levels.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results provide preliminary evidence of shared neural signatures underlying both emotion dysregulation and CU traits. Additionally, alterations in frontolimbic brain structure may be useful predictors of pre-treatment associations with externalizing psychopathology dimensions and post-treatment behavioural outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Plain Language Summary Title<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Frontal cortical thickness and externalizing psychopathology are associated with treatment outcomes in children with externalizing problems<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/07067437251315519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T01:16:11Z","timestamp":1738631771000},"page":"392-403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Relationship Between Frontal Cortical Thickness and Externalizing Psychopathology is Associated with Treatment Outcomes in Children with Externalizing Problems: A Preliminary Pilot Study: La relation entre l\u2019\u00e9paisseur du cortex frontal et les troubles ext\u00e9rioris\u00e9s est associ\u00e9e aux r\u00e9sultats th\u00e9rapeutiques chez les enfants ayant des probl\u00e8mes ext\u00e9rioris\u00e9s : une \u00e9tude pilote pr\u00e9liminaire"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Lee","family":"Propp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto"},{"name":"Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child Youth and Family Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hajer","family":"Nakua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child Youth and Family Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne-Claude V.","family":"Bedard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcos","family":"Sanches","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Core, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie H.","family":"Ameis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child Youth and Family Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8698-2583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brendan F.","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child Youth and Family Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00395-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13261"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11292-016-9256-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-081219-105809"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12494"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579420000619"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579421001607"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Propp L Nakua H Bedard ACV Sanches M Ameis SH Andrade BF. 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