{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T03:44:13Z","timestamp":1777520653270,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,10,1]],"date-time":"1996-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":844128000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To measure sex-role beliefs of psychiatry residents and to examine bias in clinical appraisal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Residents (45 female, 51 male) evaluated 1 of 4 possible clinical case histories\u2014 a female or male patient with histrionic personality disorder (HPD) or antisocial personality disorder (APD)\u2014 and completed the Sex-Role Egalitarianism Scale (SRES).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As predicted, female residents were more egalitarian than male residents (P &lt; 0.03) according to the SRES. As expected, significantly more male than female patients received the diagnosis of APD (P &lt; 0.00002). Although it was predicted that female patients would more often be given the HPD diagnosis than males, no significant gender differences were found. Sex of resident was not found to influence clinical behaviour significantly.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results highlight differential sex-role attitudes, as measured by the SRES, between female and male residents and suggest that residents' sex-role biases affect the diagnosis of APD. These results have implications for psychiatric assessment and treatment. Further understanding of these issues is critical to the development of educational tools to address sex biases in psychiatry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/070674379604100806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,11]],"date-time":"2017-01-11T13:54:01Z","timestamp":1484142841000},"page":"503-508","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Sex-Role Attitudes and Clinical Appraisal in Psychiatry Residents"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Catherine A","family":"Belitsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto; Staff Psychiatrist, The Toronto Hospital and Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brenda B","family":"Toner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto; Head, Women's Mental Health Research Programme, Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alisha","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Betty","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan L","family":"Osborne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"deRooy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-070674379604100806","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-440X(90)90016-L"},{"key":"bibr2-070674379604100806","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0028797"},{"key":"bibr3-070674379604100806","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.57.2.301"},{"key":"bibr4-070674379604100806","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00288316"},{"key":"bibr5-070674379604100806","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2137177"},{"key":"bibr6-070674379604100806","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J013v14n01_02"},{"key":"bibr7-070674379604100806","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-197812000-00002"},{"key":"bibr8-070674379604100806","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0025909"},{"key":"bibr9-070674379604100806","volume-title":"The mismeasure of woman","author":"Tavris C","year":"1992"},{"key":"bibr10-070674379604100806","volume-title":"Gender, stereotypes and roles","author":"Basow SA","year":"1992"},{"key":"bibr11-070674379604100806","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2136386"},{"key":"bibr12-070674379604100806","first-page":"266","volume":"2","author":"Brown CR","year":"1975","journal-title":"Soc Work"},{"key":"bibr13-070674379604100806","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.138.10.1342"},{"key":"bibr14-070674379604100806","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.94.3.369"},{"key":"bibr15-070674379604100806","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.38.7.799"},{"key":"bibr16-070674379604100806","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6402.1980.tb01109.x"},{"key":"bibr17-070674379604100806","volume-title":"Feminist perspectives in therapy: An empowerment model for women","author":"Worell J","year":"1992"},{"key":"bibr18-070674379604100806","volume-title":"Sex-role egalitarianism scale manual","author":"King LA","year":"1993"},{"key":"bibr19-070674379604100806","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.147.5.586"}],"container-title":["The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/070674379604100806","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/070674379604100806","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:12:07Z","timestamp":1777392727000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/070674379604100806"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,10]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/070674379604100806"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/070674379604100806","relation":{},"ISSN":["0706-7437","1497-0015"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0706-7437","type":"print"},{"value":"1497-0015","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,10]]}}}