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The\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Linking Science and Literacy for All Learners<\/jats:italic>\n                    (LS&amp;L4AL) program uses multimodal STEM text sets to link reading grade-band complex texts with Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) sense-making. We define a multimodal STEM text set as a coherent collection of resources pertaining to an anchor phenomenon and line of inquiry that support learners\u2019 acquiring the disciplinary literacy skills and sense-making called for by the NGSS and CCSS-ELA shared practices. The anchor phenomenon and line of inquiry are determined by the anchor text\u2014a rich, complex grade-band level text about natural phenomena with research-generated data from recent STEM primary literature. In this study, we report on a qualitative analysis of how English language arts, special education, and science middle school teachers (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N=<\/jats:italic>\n                    11) scaffolded instruction to support students, including students with learning disabilities, in reading complex STEM texts to develop sense-making of scientific phenomena.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/07319487231187637","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T04:18:39Z","timestamp":1690258719000},"page":"97-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Scaffolding Learning Via Multimodal STEM Text Sets for Students With Learning Disabilities"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Amy","family":"Lannin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri-Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delinda","family":"van Garderen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri-Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heba","family":"Abdelnaby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri-Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cassandra","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri-Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Juergensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri-Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Folk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri-Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Romine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brantlinger E. 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