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This study uses pooled data from 1997 to 2018 National Health Interview Survey to examine trends in living arrangements and health among middle-aged (ages 40\u201364) and older adults (ages 65\u201384). The results show that increasing share of middle-aged and older adults are living with persons other than their spouses or cohabiting partners, and this living arrangement is increasingly associated with poor health. Co-residence with persons other than spouses or cohabiting partners is particularly related to serious psychological distress among older adult women. Living alone in midlife is increasingly associated with poor health, but there has been little change in health of older adults living alone. The findings call for targeted policies and programs to address the needs of middle-aged and older adults in diverse living arrangements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648221074685","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T00:26:55Z","timestamp":1645748815000},"page":"1407-1420","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Two Decades of Change in Living Arrangements and Health of Middle-Aged and Older Adults in the U.S., 1997\u20132018"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6540-5848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther O.","family":"Lamidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6952-7642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sue P.","family":"Nash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology, St. Mary\u2019s University, San Antonio, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-07334648221074685","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sf\/sor002"},{"key":"bibr2-07334648221074685","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igx015"},{"key":"bibr3-07334648221074685","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1518393112"},{"key":"bibr4-07334648221074685","volume-title":"Labor\u2019s love lost: The rise and fall of the working-class family in America","author":"Cherlin A. 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