{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T19:03:21Z","timestamp":1789671801492,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Appl Gerontol"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intrinsic capacity (IC) reflects older adults\u2019 physical and mental abilities, and its decline predicts loss of independence. The WHO Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) framework promotes multidomain, person-centred interventions, but evidence from trials remains limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To synthesise findings from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating WHO-ICOPE\u2013aligned interventions in community-dwelling older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines (PROSPERO CRD420250654375), five English-language RCTs published from January 2020 to December 2025 were included. Participants had decline in at least one IC domain. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2, and findings were narratively synthesised due to heterogeneity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One trial implemented the full ICOPE pathway; four used partial approaches. Improvements were most consistent for locomotion and vitality, while cognitive and psychological findings varied and sensory effects were generally limited. No consistent advantage of full over partial implementation was established.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence remains limited and heterogeneous; further high-quality trials are required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648261487022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T07:12:08Z","timestamp":1789456328000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["WHO-ICOPE\u2013Aligned Multidomain Interventions for Intrinsic Capacity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Nurhazrina","family":"Noordin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor"},{"name":"International Islamic University of Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chye Wah","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIMST University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2412-8653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Justine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00304"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2013.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00516-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l6890"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-024-02816-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gly011"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaf017"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glz218"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-020-1503-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-021-1665-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(21)00248-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2023.112112"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.17432"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30367-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-043062"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_1","volume-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions","author":"McKenzie J. E.","year":"2024","unstructured":"McKenzie J. E., Brennan S. E. (2024). Synthesizing and presenting findings using other methods. In Higgins J. P. T., Thomas J., Chandler J., Cumpston M., Li T., Page M. J., Welch V. A. (Eds.), Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. Cochrane. Version 6.5, Chapter 12. https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/authors\/handbooks-and-manuals\/handbook\/current\/chapter-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-014-0579-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_6_20_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"The aging mind: Neuroplasticity in response to cognitive training","volume":"8","author":"Park D. C.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Park D. C., Bischof G. N. (2013). The aging mind: Neuroplasticity in response to cognitive training. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8(2), 109\u2013119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1745691612469033","journal-title":"Perspectives on Psychological Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afs189"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afac303"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010154"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.01.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afad249"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_27_1","volume-title":"Integrated care for older people: Guidelines on community-level interventions to manage declines in intrinsic capacity","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2017","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2017). Integrated care for older people: Guidelines on community-level interventions to manage declines in intrinsic capacity. World Health Organization. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789241550109"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_28_1","volume-title":"Integrated care for older people (ICOPE): Guidance for person-centred assessment and pathways in primary care","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2025","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2025). Integrated care for older people (ICOPE): Guidance for person-centred assessment and pathways in primary care (2nd ed.). 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