{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T12:31:03Z","timestamp":1789129863994,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MM1-174917"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MM1-174917"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Appl Gerontol"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Memory impairment and depressive symptoms are common in aging adults, often leading to adverse health outcomes. While memory difficulties are strongly associated with depressive symptoms, whether functional social support mediates this relation is underexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined the mediating role of functional social support and assessed moderated mediation by age group and sex. Analyses were adjusted for relevant sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle covariates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We utilized three timepoints of data (baseline, 3-year follow-up, and 6-year follow-up) from 5,958 participants aged 45\u201385\u00a0years who were enrolled in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging\u2019s Tracking Cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Functional social support partially mediated the inverse association between memory and depressive symptoms (\n                      <jats:inline-formula>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mover accent=\"true\">\n                                <mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mo>^<\/mml:mo>\n                              <\/mml:mover>\n                              <mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:msub>\n                                  <mml:mi>b<\/mml:mi>\n                                  <mml:mrow>\n                                    <mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <mml:mi>t<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <mml:mi>h<\/mml:mi>\n                                  <\/mml:mrow>\n                                <\/mml:msub>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                      = \u22120.02;\n                      <jats:inline-formula>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mover accent=\"true\">\n                                <mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mo>^<\/mml:mo>\n                              <\/mml:mover>\n                              <mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:mi>c<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mo>\u2010<\/mml:mo>\n                                <mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mi>r<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mi>i<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mi>m<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:msub>\n                                  <mml:mi>e<\/mml:mi>\n                                  <mml:mrow>\n                                    <mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <mml:mi>t<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <mml:mi>h<\/mml:mi>\n                                  <\/mml:mrow>\n                                <\/mml:msub>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                      = \u22120.07;\n                      <jats:inline-formula>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mover accent=\"true\">\n                                <mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mo>^<\/mml:mo>\n                              <\/mml:mover>\n                              <mml:msub>\n                                <mml:mi>c<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mrow>\n                                  <mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi>\n                                  <mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi>\n                                  <mml:mi>t<\/mml:mi>\n                                  <mml:mi>h<\/mml:mi>\n                                <\/mml:mrow>\n                              <\/mml:msub>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                      = \u22120.08; all\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05; proportion mediated = 0.25). We did not observe any moderated mediation. Interventions to enhance functional social support may strengthen the inverse association between memory and depressive symptoms.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648261487098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T13:47:01Z","timestamp":1788875221000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Mediating Effect of Functional Social Support in the Pathway Between Memory and Depressive Symptoms: A Longitudinal Mediation Analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1257-657X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ifunanya","family":"Modebelu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Waterloo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashok","family":"Chaurasia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Waterloo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colleen J.","family":"Maxwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Waterloo"},{"name":"University of Waterloo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8190-253X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Oremus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Waterloo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2020.1745147"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(18)30622-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.12.1.189"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.12674"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511665684.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164417743003"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_9_1","volume-title":"CLSA tracking and comprehensive cognition measurements (Baseline)\u2014Portal dataset overview","author":"Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging","year":"2019","unstructured":"Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. (2019, January 29). CLSA tracking and comprehensive cognition measurements (Baseline)\u2014Portal dataset overview. https:\/\/www.clsa-elcv.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/cc_cog_portdoc_baseline_v1.0_2019jan29.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_8_10_1","unstructured":"Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. (2024 June 19). Sampling and computation of response rates and sample weights for the tracking (telephone interview) participants and comprehensive participants. V3.0 2024June19. https:\/\/www.clsa-elcv.ca\/doc\/5760"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07317115.2019.1635548"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2020.1839861"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-012-9186-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)61026-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S347356"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2022.12.216"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2022.12.216"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648251363655"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/36.4.428"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_20_1","unstructured":"Friendship Circle. (2023). Friendship circle\/services. Retrieved September 1 2026 from https:\/\/www.friendshipcircle.org\/programs"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_21_1","volume-title":"FCS multiple imputation template","author":"Golberg M.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Golberg M. (2023). FCS multiple imputation template. Figshare.Com. https:\/\/figshare.com\/s\/6dde34ef8e3671b5f4a3?file=49413955"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000514949"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2020.06.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pan\/mps040"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2023.1175252"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19371918.2016.1188747"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0091217418791439"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2019.1571012"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadr.2023.100631"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v082.i13"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjment-2023-300802"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_8_32_1","first-page":"1233","article-title":"Dynamic longitudinal associations between social support and cognitive function: A prospective investigation of the directionality of associations","volume":"73","author":"Liao J.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liao J., Muniz-Terrera G., Head J., Brunner E. J. (2018). Dynamic longitudinal associations between social support and cognitive function: A prospective investigation of the directionality of associations. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 73(7), 1233\u20131243. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geronb\/gbw135","journal-title":"The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx142"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0071712"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.706322"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_36_1","unstructured":"Memory Caf\u00e9. (2025). Memory caf\u00e9 Nova Scotia. Retrieved September 1 2026 from: https:\/\/memorycafens.ca\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-023-02251-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-023-01317-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13825585.2022.2030294"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_40_1","unstructured":"RAND Health. (2025). Social support survey instrument scoring instructions. Retrieved September 1 2026 from: https:\/\/www.rand.org\/health\/surveys\/mos\/social-support\/scoring.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz173"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roh H. W. Cho E. J. Son S. J. Hong C. H. (2022). The moderating effect of cognitive function on the association between social support and depressive symptoms among community-dwelling older adults: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Journal of Affective Disorders 318 185\u2013190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2022.08.117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.08.117"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470316696"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648221139255"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(91)90150-B"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2013.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16183449"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.075359"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2021.0526"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v059.i05"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13854046.2018.1551575"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13854040903493522"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_8_53_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mice: Multivariate imputation by chained equations in R","volume":"45","author":"van Buuren S.","year":"2011","unstructured":"van Buuren S., Groothuis-Oudshoorn K. (2011). Mice: Multivariate imputation by chained equations in R. Journal of Statistical Software, 45(3), 1\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18637\/jss.v045.i03","journal-title":"Journal of Statistical Software"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-4458-8-41"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_56_1","unstructured":"Wiley J. (2025). Multileveltools: Multilevel and mixed effects model diagnostics and effect sizes. (R Package Version 0.2.2). https:\/\/joshuawiley.com\/multilevelTools\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610217000199"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2023.105076"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/02793695-20200817-01"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pspa0000132"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Gerontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/07334648261487098","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/07334648261487098","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/07334648261487098","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T11:49:37Z","timestamp":1789127377000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/07334648261487098"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"references-count":59,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/07334648261487098"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/07334648261487098","relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-4648","1552-4523"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-4648","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-4523","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"article-number":"07334648261487098"}}