{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:22:20Z","timestamp":1777922540970,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,1]],"date-time":"2008-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228089600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Waste Manag Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Refuse-derived fuel (RDF), a high-caloric material, is used by various combustion processes, such as power plants, as alternative fuel. Several explosion accidents, however, possibly initiated by the spontaneous combustion of stored RDF, have been reported in Japan. Therefore the spontaneous combustion of RDF prepared from domestic garbage was investigated using chemiluminescence. RDF samples were heated either under air or under nitrogen for 1, 2, or 4 h at 120 or 140 \u00b0C and then cooled by an air or nitrogen stream. All RDF samples exhibited chemiluminescence. In air-treated RDF samples (heated and cooled by air), chemiluminescence after ageing was shown to be slightly lower than before ageing, whereas in nitrogen-treated samples (both heated and cooled by nitrogen) chemiluminescence decreased significantly after ageing. When nitrogen was replaced with air during aging, however, a sudden increase of chemiluminescence was observed. On the other hand, when cooling was done with air, chemiluminescence increased. Higher chemiluminescence was also observed during high-temperature treatment. Further experiments on cellulose, one of the major components of domestic garbage, exhibited similar chemiluminescence patterns to those of RDF when treated by the same methods as those used for RDF ageing. Chemiluminescence from cellulose increased significantly when the atmospheric gas was changed from nitrogen to air, suggesting that oxygen in the air promoted the formation of hydroperoxide from cellulose. Therefore, it is hypothesized that cellulose plays an important role in the formation of chemiluminescence from RDF. The formation of chemiluminescence indicated that radicals are formed from RDF by oxidation or thermal degradation at room or atmospheric temperatures and may subsequently lead to spontaneous combustion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0734242x07084613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,27]],"date-time":"2008-11-27T09:49:26Z","timestamp":1227779366000},"page":"539-545","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Investigation on the spontaneous combustion of refuse-derived fuels during storage using a chemiluminescence technique"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Matunaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akio","family":"Yasuhara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshitada","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kanagawa Industrial Technology Research Institute, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahide","family":"Wakakura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kanagawa Industrial Technology Research Institute, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Shibamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3164\/jcbn.8.165"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pola.10419"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"The Proper Control Strategy of the Refuse Derived Fuel","author":"Crdf","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Epssc (ed.) (2003) Final Report on the Accident Survey in the Refuse Derived Fuel Fired Power Plant. The Electric Power Safety Subcommittee in the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Tokyo, Japan. George, G.A. (1989) Chemiluminescence of polymers at nearly ambient conditions. In: Zlatkevich, L. (ed.): Luminescence Techniques in Solid State Polymer research. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, NY. George, G.A. & Ghaemy, M. (1991) Hydroperoxide formation in the early stages of polypropylene photo-oxidation. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 33, 411-428.","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-3910(91)90086-7"},{"key":"atypb5","first-page":"44","volume":"2","author":"Ghaemy, M.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Polymer Science & Technology"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bio.1170100202"},{"key":"atypb7","volume-title":"Oxidation Reaction in Organic Chemistry","author":"Kamiya, Y.","year":"1973"},{"key":"atypb8","unstructured":"Kotoyori, T. (1971) Activation energy for thermal oxidative degradation of plastics. Research Report of the Research Institute of Industrial Safety , RIIS-RR-19-4, pp. 1-19. Research Institute of Industrial Safety , Tokyo, Japan."},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-3910(96)00079-1"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2621.1957.tb16988.x"},{"key":"atypb11","volume-title":"Final Report on the Accident Survey in the Refuse Derived Fuel Fired Power Plant","author":"Mie Prefecture.","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb12","volume-title":"Chemiluminescence","author":"Osawa, Z.","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb13","volume-title":"Methods of Analysis in Health Science","author":"PSJ","year":"2005"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.1999.00506.x"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02640405"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5173(96)04671-6"},{"key":"atypb17","volume-title":"Final Report on the Effectiveness Evaluation of Safety Countermeasure Concerning Thin Oxygen Environment in the Silo for Refuse Derived Fuel","author":"The Evaluation Committee","year":"2004"},{"key":"atypb18","first-page":"117","volume":"45","author":"Yasuhara, A.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Japanese Society of Safety Engineerings"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(94)E0090-6"}],"container-title":["Waste Management &amp; Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0734242X07084613","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0734242X07084613","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:23:23Z","timestamp":1777667003000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0734242X07084613"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0734242X07084613"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0734242x07084613","relation":{},"ISSN":["0734-242X","1096-3669"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0734-242X","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-3669","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}}}