{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:02:50Z","timestamp":1791266570137,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,24]],"date-time":"2013-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Waste Manag Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The technology used in the manufacturing of televisions and monitors has been changing in recent years. Monitors with liquid crystal displays (LCD) emerged in the market with the aim of replacing cathode ray tube monitors. As a result, the disposal of this type of product, which is already very high, will increase. Thus, without accurate knowledge of the components and materials present in an LCD monitor, the recycling of materials, such as mercury, thermoplastic polymers, glasses, metals and precious metals amongst others, is not only performed, but allows contamination of soil, water and air with the liberation of toxic compounds present in this type of waste when disposed of improperly. Therefore, the objective of this study was to disassemble and characterize the materials in this type of waste, identify the composition, amount and form to enable, in further work, the development of recycling routes. After various tests and analyses, it was observed that an LCD display can be recycled, provided that precautions are taken. Levels of lead, fluoride and copper are above those permitted by the Brazilian law, characterizing this residue as having a high pollution potential. The materials present in printed circuit boards (base and precious metals)\u2014thermoplastics, such as polyethylene terephthalate, acrylic, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and polycarbonate and metals, such as steel and aluminum, and a layer of indium (in the internal face of the glass)\u2014are components that make a point in terms of their potential for recycling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0734242x13485795","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,24]],"date-time":"2013-04-24T22:19:25Z","timestamp":1366841965000},"page":"549-558","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Disassembly and characterization of liquid crystal screens"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Nichele CF","family":"Juchneski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LACOR\u2013PPGE3M, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre\/RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janine","family":"Scherer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LACOR\u2013PPGE3M, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre\/RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas H","family":"Grochau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LACOR\u2013PPGE3M, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre\/RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo M","family":"Veit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LACOR\u2013PPGE3M, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre\/RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2004.12.007"},{"key":"bibr2-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2011.09.020"},{"key":"bibr3-0734242X13485795","volume-title":"Toxicological and Ecotoxicological Investigations of Liquid Crystals and Disposal of LCDs","author":"Becker W","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr4-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2010.05.135"},{"key":"bibr5-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9372(2006)132:9(1028)"},{"key":"bibr6-0734242X13485795","unstructured":"DisplaySearch (2012) DisplaySearch reports Q2\u201905 TFT LCD shipments accelerate, revenues remain down but strong growth expected in Q3\u201905. Available at: http:\/\/www.displaysearch.com (accessed 12 May 2012)."},{"key":"bibr7-0734242X13485795","unstructured":"European Commission (2012) Recast of the WEEE Directive. Available at: http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/environment\/waste\/weee\/index_en.htm (accessed 8 May 2013)."},{"key":"bibr8-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2010.07.107"},{"key":"bibr9-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4628(20001114)78:7<1354::AID-APP60>3.0.CO;2-V"},{"key":"bibr10-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2008.12.013"},{"key":"bibr11-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0734242X10397580"},{"key":"bibr12-0734242X13485795","volume-title":"An Infrared Spectroscopy Atlas for the Coatings Industry","volume":"1","author":"Julian M","year":"1991","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr13-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2011.08.013"},{"key":"bibr14-0734242X13485795","volume-title":"Recycling of Plastic Materials","author":"La Mantia FP","year":"1993","edition":"1"},{"key":"bibr15-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.07.044"},{"key":"bibr16-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2009.05.012"},{"key":"bibr17-0734242X13485795","unstructured":"PNRS - Pol\u00edtica Nacional de Res\u00edduos S\u00f3lidos - Lei 12.305 (National Policy on Solid Waste - Law 12,305), 2 August 2010. Available at: http:\/\/www.planalto.gov.br\/ccivil_03\/_ato2007\u20132010\/2010\/lei\/l12305.htm (accessed 12 May 2012)."},{"key":"bibr18-0734242X13485795","unstructured":"NBR 10004 (2004) Res\u00edduos S\u00f3lidos - Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o (Solid Waste - Classification)."},{"key":"bibr19-0734242X13485795","unstructured":"NBR 10005 (2004) Procedimento para Obten\u00e7\u00e3o de Extrato Lixiviado de Res\u00edduos S\u00f3lidos (Solid Waste Leachate Extract - Procedures)."},{"key":"bibr20-0734242X13485795","unstructured":"NBR 10006 (2004) Procedimento para Obten\u00e7\u00e3o de Extrato Solubilizado de Res\u00edduos S\u00f3lidos (Solid Waste Soluble Extract - Procedures)."},{"key":"bibr21-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0734242X07082028"},{"key":"bibr22-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2011.01.009"},{"key":"bibr23-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2005.05.014"},{"key":"bibr24-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2009.11.029"},{"key":"bibr25-0734242X13485795","volume-title":"Caracteriza\u00e7\u00e3o e processamento de telas de cristal l\u00edquido visando a reciclagem (Characterization and processing of liquid crystal displays aiming the recycling). 2006. Disserta\u00e7\u00e3o Mestrado em Engenharia Metal\u00fargica e de Materiais","author":"Tavares V","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr26-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10812-012-9551-0"},{"key":"bibr27-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2007.01.044"},{"key":"bibr28-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2011.07.006"},{"key":"bibr29-0734242X13485795","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2009.10.083"}],"container-title":["Waste Management &amp; Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0734242X13485795","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0734242X13485795","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0734242X13485795","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:29:51Z","timestamp":1777667391000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0734242X13485795"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,24]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0734242X13485795"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0734242x13485795","relation":{},"ISSN":["0734-242X","1096-3669"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0734-242X","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-3669","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,24]]}}}