{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T20:37:41Z","timestamp":1792442261436,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]],"date-time":"2020-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582156800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004681","name":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20-1491"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20-1491"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004681","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Waste Manag Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The present work is focused on pyrolysis of polystyrene waste for production of combustible hydrocarbons. The experiments were performed in an indigenously made furnace in the presence of a laboratory synthesised copper oxide. The pyrolysis products were collected and characterised. The Fourier transform infrared spectra showed that the liquid fraction contains C\u2013H, C\u2013O, C\u2013C, C=C and O\u2013H bonds, which correspond to various aliphatic and aromatic compounds. Gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry traced compounds ranging from C\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    to C\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    in the gaseous fraction, whereas in the liquid fraction 15 components ranging from C\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    to C\n                    <jats:sub>24<\/jats:sub>\n                    were detected. From the results it has been concluded that CuO as a catalyst not only increased the liquid yield but also reduced the degradation temperature to great extent. Fuel properties of the pyrolysis oil were determined and compared with standard values of commercial fuel oil. The comparison suggested potential application of pyrolysis oil for domestic and commercial use.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0734242x20904403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]],"date-time":"2020-02-20T06:03:14Z","timestamp":1582178594000},"page":"1269-1277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Pyrolysis of polystyrene waste for recovery of combustible hydrocarbons using copper oxide as catalyst"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9291-6064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Nisar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghulam","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afzal","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Bahrain, Bahrain"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Naeem","family":"Ashiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakaryia University, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahoor Hussain","family":"Farooqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahsan","family":"Sharif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ejaz","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Munawar","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed Tufail Hussain","family":"Sherazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sind, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Raza","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0734242X20904403","first-page":"28","volume":"1","author":"Abdullah M","year":"2009","journal-title":"Jurnal Nanosains & Nanoteknologi"},{"key":"bibr2-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mame.200700058"},{"key":"bibr3-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jscs.2017.05.005"},{"key":"bibr4-0734242X20904403","volume-title":"Annual Book of ASTM Standard Part 23, American Society of Testing Materials","author":"American Society for Testing and Materials","year":"1979"},{"key":"bibr5-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0734242X09345868"},{"key":"bibr6-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2014.07.014"},{"key":"bibr7-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2370(00)00159-5"},{"key":"bibr8-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/s11532-013-0202-y"},{"key":"bibr9-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optmat.2006.04.012"},{"key":"bibr10-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-3910(86)90052-2"},{"key":"bibr11-0734242X20904403","unstructured":"Institute of Petroleum (1993) Standards for Petroleum and Its Products, Part I. Institute of Petroleum. London."},{"key":"bibr12-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tsf.2006.07.032"},{"key":"bibr13-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pol.1967.110050924"},{"key":"bibr14-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0734242X9301100606"},{"key":"bibr15-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ma030322y"},{"key":"bibr16-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ma020490a"},{"key":"bibr17-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2017.07.061"},{"key":"bibr18-0734242X20904403","first-page":"36","volume":"1","author":"Lanje AS","year":"2010","journal-title":"Advance Applied Science Research"},{"key":"bibr19-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-3910(02)00227-6"},{"key":"bibr20-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2370(01)00171-1"},{"key":"bibr21-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-3910(01)00162-8"},{"key":"bibr22-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-5861(98)00050-9"},{"key":"bibr23-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2008.01.029"},{"key":"bibr24-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/macp.200600232"},{"key":"bibr25-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuproc.2016.01.018"},{"key":"bibr26-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0032-3861(75)90133-0"},{"key":"bibr27-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10098-015-0941-x"},{"key":"bibr28-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibiod.2016.09.017"},{"key":"bibr29-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2005.01.056"},{"key":"bibr30-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0734242X14552554"},{"key":"bibr31-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2019.03.035"},{"key":"bibr32-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2018.05.021"},{"key":"bibr33-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaap.2015.02.024"},{"key":"bibr34-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaap.2009.07.008"},{"key":"bibr35-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ma0303768"},{"key":"bibr36-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2006.08.015"},{"key":"bibr37-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcata.2007.07.005"},{"key":"bibr38-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2008.12.004"},{"key":"bibr39-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0734242X11406948"},{"key":"bibr40-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2012.04.148"},{"key":"bibr41-0734242X20904403","first-page":"17","volume":"2","author":"Sarker M","year":"2013","journal-title":"Inter-national Journal of Renewable Energy Technology Research"},{"key":"bibr42-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2010.01.134"},{"key":"bibr43-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2009.01.042"},{"key":"bibr44-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5539\/eer.v3n2p90"},{"key":"bibr45-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/pac-2014-1117"},{"key":"bibr46-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0734242X16649685"},{"key":"bibr47-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaap.2013.10.001"},{"key":"bibr48-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2007.05.023"},{"key":"bibr49-0734242X20904403","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/17\/15\/055"}],"container-title":["Waste Management &amp; Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0734242X20904403","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0734242X20904403","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0734242X20904403","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:39:56Z","timestamp":1777667996000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0734242X20904403"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0734242X20904403"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0734242x20904403","relation":{},"ISSN":["0734-242X","1096-3669"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0734-242X","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-3669","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]}}}