{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:02:13Z","timestamp":1791306133616,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,13]],"date-time":"2013-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1360713600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicol Ind Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Atherosclerosis is a condition caused by lipid build-up and inflammation in the arteries, so hyperlipidemia is the major reason for atherosclerosis. Testis was found to be negatively affected by hyperlipidemia which leads to its impaired functions. Vitamin E and l-carnitine have well-known lipid-lowering and antioxidative activities. Triton WR 1339 is a non-ionic detergent, which induces severe hyperlipidemia by inhibition of lipoprotein lipase. The present study evaluates the protective role of vitamin E and l-carnitine on the testis in atherosclerosis and detects the most effective choice for protection against atherosclerosis; vitamin E, l-carnitine or a combination of both. A total of 80 albino male rats were divided into eight groups (10 rats for each group): control (G\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), triton (G\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), l-carnitine (G\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), triton\u00a0+\u00a0l-carnitine (G\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), vitamin E (G\n                    <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), triton\u00a0+\u00a0vitamin E (G\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), l-carnitine\u00a0+\u00a0vitamin E (G\n                    <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and triton\u00a0+\u00a0l-carnitine\u00a0+\u00a0vitamin E (G\n                    <jats:sub>8<\/jats:sub>\n                    ). Data showed a significant increase in the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), 17 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17 \u03b2 HSD), testicular catalase and malondialdehyde (MDA) in G\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    when compared with G\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    , whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), serum testosterone, testicular 17 ketosteroid reductase (17 KSR), total thiol and glutathione- S-transferase (GST) data showed a significant decrease in G\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    when compared with G\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Treatment with l-carnitine or\/and vitamin E helps in improving the adverse effect of triton; also the histological changes confirm this finding. So the present study recommends all people to include l-carnitine and vitamin E in their diet to be protected against atherosclerosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0748233712472523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,14]],"date-time":"2013-02-14T00:06:37Z","timestamp":1360800397000},"page":"467-474","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Protective role of\n                    <scp>L<\/scp>\n                    -carnitine and vitamin E on the testis of atherosclerotic rats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Afrah F","family":"Salama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Safwat M","family":"Kasem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ehab","family":"Tousson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed KH","family":"Elsisy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1a-0748233712472523","unstructured":"Bancroft JD, Cook HC (1994) Manual of histological techniques and their diagnostic application. 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