{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:31:50Z","timestamp":1777923110194,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,26]],"date-time":"2013-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366934400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicol Ind Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In the present study, we evaluated the pharmacological and toxicological effects of Teucrium stocksianum. The crude extract of T. stocksianum (Ts.Cr) and its subsequent organic fractions: n-hexane (Ts.Hex), chloroform (Ts.CHCl\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and ethyl acetate (Ts.EtAc) exhibited 1,1-diphenyl,2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity with different potencies. Ts.EtAc was found to be most potent. Ts.Cr, Ts.Hex, Ts.CHCl\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    and Ts.EtAc showed significant bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri and Bacillus subtilis at their extent. Ts.Cr, Ts.Hex, Ts.CHCl\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    and Ts.EtAc displayed fungicidal action against Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus and Fusarium solani at various minimum inhibitory concentrations. Ts.Cr and Ts.EtAc exhibited marked inhibition of Leishmania tropica growth, observed after 48 and 96\u00a0hrs of treatment. These data indicate that the T. stocksianum methanolic extract and its resultant fractions possess antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal and antileishmanial activities. Thus, the present research unearths the scientific base for T. stocksianum medicinal application as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0748233713487250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,26]],"date-time":"2013-04-26T22:32:09Z","timestamp":1367015529000},"page":"1037-1043","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["1,1-Diphenyl,2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging, bactericidal, fungicidal and leishmanicidal properties of\n                    <i>Teucrium stocksianum<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Syed Majid","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Ayaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arif-ullah","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farhat","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Dir (L), Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Farhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azhar-ul-Haq Ali","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sajid","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"20","key":"bibr1-0748233713487250","first-page":"523","volume":"9","author":"Aruoma O","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mutation Research"},{"key":"bibr2-0748233713487250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2550"},{"key":"bibr3-0748233713487250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/np0100845"},{"key":"bibr4-0748233713487250","unstructured":"Brooks GF, Karen C, Caroll MD (2010) Jawetz, Melnick, and Adelberg\u2019s Medical Microbiology. 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