{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T06:17:18Z","timestamp":1778653038062,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]],"date-time":"2021-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613433600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicol Ind Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>There is a pressing need to find reliable biomarkers for the early diagnosis of silica-induced nephropathy. Abundant genes are upregulated in damaged kidneys with subsequent protein products appearing in the urine. Liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) are among the most promising. Our objective was to study the importance of L-FABP and KIM-1 genes and their urinary proteins in the early detection of silica-induced renal injury, as compared with other conventional biomarkers. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 90 pottery workers occupationally exposed to silica, as compared to 90 controls. A full history taking and complete clinical examination were performed. Levels of serum creatinine, liver enzymes, urinary silicon, KIM-1, and L-FABP gene expression and protein products were measured. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated, and abdominal ultrasound was performed. The results showed that the silica-exposed group had a statistically significant increase in serum creatinine and urinary silica, as well as a significant decrease in eGFR. Additionally, a significant increase in KIM-1 and L-FABP gene expression, associated with a significant increase in their urinary protein, was found among the exposed group. A positive correlation between urinary silica level and L-FABP gene expression was also found. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for L-FABP and KIM-1 gene as predictors for silica-induced nephropathy showed that L-FABP gene and protein specificity were greater than the KIM-1 gene and protein. Taken together, these findings suggest that the L-FABP gene and its protein product may be used as early indicators for renal injury among silica exposed workers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0748233721990304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T19:04:05Z","timestamp":1613847845000},"page":"173-181","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Predictive value of novel biomarkers for chronic kidney disease among workers occupationally exposed to silica"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1065-9824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mona Abdallah","family":"Ramadan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, 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