{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T22:51:58Z","timestamp":1791240718414,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727654400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727654400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01GM098285"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01GM098285"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"NIH Office of Research Infrastructure Programs","award":["P40 OD010440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P40 OD010440"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicol Ind Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Research has shown that exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), a widely used plasticizer, can lead to meiotic errors, resulting in poor reproductive cell quality and infertility. Health-related concerns have prompted the search for BPA alternatives; however, evidence suggests that currently used BPA analogs, such as bisphenol S (BPS), may pose similar risks to human health. While the effects of BPA on female fertility are well documented, the impact of BPA exposure on sperm quality is poorly understood. To better understand the effects of bisphenol analogs on spermatogenesis, we synthesized a less investigated BPA analog, tetramethyl bisphenol F (TMBPF), and compared its reprotoxic potential to that of widely used BPA and BPS using\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    -based assays. We evaluated germ cell count, spermatid size, morphology, and activation in males treated with 0.5\u00a0mM ethanol-dissolved bisphenol analogs for 48 h as well as their cross-progeny number and viability. Our results indicated that all of the evaluated bisphenol analogs\u2014BPA, BPS, and TMBPF\u2014adversely affect male fertility to varying degrees. Whereas all three bisphenols reduced spermatid size, only BPA exposure resulted in impaired spermatid activation and significantly reduced brood size. In addition, a decrease in embryonic viability, suggestive of an increased incidence of sperm chromosomal aberrations, was observed following exposure to all of the tested bisphenols. Further investigation is necessary to fully elucidate the underlying mechanisms and implications of BPA, BPS, and TMBPF on spermatogenesis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/07482337241287967","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T08:19:49Z","timestamp":1727684389000},"page":"11-19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of bisphenol A, bisphenol S, and tetramethyl bisphenol F on male fertility in\n                    <i>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Cole M","family":"Higley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawrence Technological University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katelyn D","family":"Waligora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawrence Technological University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica R","family":"Clore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawrence Technological University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0178-1286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shannon C","family":"Timmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawrence Technological University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3358-6311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Kuzmanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawrence Technological University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2017.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1010386107"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18041742"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","volume-title":"Halogen containing epoxy composition and their preparation","author":"Bilyeu B","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bilyeu B, Brostow W, Menard K, inventors; University of North Texas, assignee (2005) Halogen containing epoxy composition and their preparation. 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