{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T13:25:00Z","timestamp":1790169900969,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,29]],"date-time":"2015-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430265600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biol Rhythms"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Various aspects of mammalian endocrine physiology show a time-of-day variation with a period of 24 h, which represents an adaptation to the daily environmental fluctuations resulting from the rotation of the earth. These 24-h rhythms in hormone abundance and consequently hormone function may rely on rhythmic signals produced by the master circadian clock, which resides in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and is thought to chiefly dictate the pattern of rest and activity in mammals in conjunction with the light\/dark (LD) cycle. However, it is likely that clocks intrinsic to elements of the endocrine axes also contribute to the 24-h rhythms in hormone function. Here we review the evidence for rhythm generation in the endocrine master gland, the pituitary, and its physiological significance in the context of endocrine axes regulation and function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730415580881","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,29]],"date-time":"2015-04-29T21:41:45Z","timestamp":1430343705000},"page":"263-276","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Clocks within the Master Gland"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Xue-Wei","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian David","family":"Blum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai-Florian","family":"Storch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-01-00350.2002"},{"key":"bibr2-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.569723"},{"key":"bibr3-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2010-0462"},{"key":"bibr4-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2010.01.002"},{"key":"bibr5-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2013.11.004"},{"key":"bibr6-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2013.10.015"},{"key":"bibr7-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.22.6.0451"},{"key":"bibr8-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.23.1.0455"},{"key":"bibr9-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.138.3.5007"},{"key":"bibr10-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1107373"},{"key":"bibr11-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199701163360306"},{"key":"bibr12-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903350104"},{"key":"bibr13-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.1999.00575.x"},{"key":"bibr14-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015316"},{"key":"bibr15-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0504270102"},{"key":"bibr16-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2013-1080"},{"key":"bibr17-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-110-2-367"},{"key":"bibr18-0748730415580881","first-page":"97","volume":"54","author":"Czeisler CA","year":"1999","journal-title":"Recent Prog Horm Res"},{"key":"bibr19-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/frne.1993.1010"},{"key":"bibr20-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.183500"},{"key":"bibr21-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2011.02250.x"},{"key":"bibr22-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2014.00019"},{"key":"bibr23-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2826.2003.01060.x"},{"key":"bibr24-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.10.048"},{"key":"bibr25-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2004.04.034"},{"key":"bibr26-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5492.799"},{"key":"bibr27-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-19-07412.2003"},{"key":"bibr28-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-021909-135821"},{"key":"bibr29-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-90-1-29"},{"key":"bibr30-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-47-3-198"},{"key":"bibr31-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Follett BK (2014) \u201cSeasonal changes in the neuroendocrine system\u201d: Some reflections. Epub ahead of print.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2014.11.003"},{"key":"bibr32-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.90946.2008"},{"key":"bibr33-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/074873001129001980"},{"key":"bibr34-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2008.01736.x"},{"key":"bibr35-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000122739"},{"key":"bibr36-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07420528.2011.645707"},{"key":"bibr37-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.10-178616"},{"key":"bibr38-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2008.06.076"},{"key":"bibr39-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.139.1.67"},{"key":"bibr40-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2007.01.001"},{"key":"bibr41-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000243163"},{"key":"bibr42-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2007.0251"},{"key":"bibr43-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018926"},{"key":"bibr44-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/sqb.2007.72.011"},{"key":"bibr45-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730410379711"},{"key":"bibr46-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2005.09.009"},{"key":"bibr47-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)03050-X"},{"key":"bibr48-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90927-2"},{"key":"bibr49-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.10.7709"},{"key":"bibr50-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2011.06.042"},{"key":"bibr51-0748730415580881","first-page":"243","volume":"28","author":"Lach H","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Morphol Acad Sci Hung"},{"key":"bibr52-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.24.7128"},{"key":"bibr53-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-0100"},{"key":"bibr54-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-96-1-50"},{"key":"bibr55-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730414553971"},{"key":"bibr56-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1209249111"},{"key":"bibr57-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2568"},{"key":"bibr58-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.11.038"},{"key":"bibr59-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.140.1.6428"},{"key":"bibr60-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2004.07.055"},{"key":"bibr61-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-060909-153128"},{"key":"bibr62-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-0186(94)90100-7"},{"key":"bibr63-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2010.01.007"},{"key":"bibr64-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06738"},{"key":"bibr65-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2008.07.001"},{"key":"bibr66-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(95)11932-M"},{"key":"bibr67-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(83)90084-0"},{"key":"bibr68-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203450437"},{"key":"bibr69-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07420520500521996"},{"key":"bibr70-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI24109"},{"key":"bibr71-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2006.07.002"},{"key":"bibr72-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2005.05.010"},{"key":"bibr73-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Philippe J, Dibner C (2014) Thyroid circadian timing: Roles in physiology and thyroid malignancies. J Biol Rhythms. Epub ahead of print.","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730414557634"},{"key":"bibr74-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-1021"},{"key":"bibr75-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(84)90501-8"},{"key":"bibr76-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2007.08.008"},{"key":"bibr77-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2009.07.005"},{"key":"bibr78-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000335812"},{"key":"bibr79-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0953-8194.2004.01160.x"},{"key":"bibr80-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.2001.280.2.E260"},{"key":"bibr81-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(91)90364-T"},{"key":"bibr82-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730414554222"},{"key":"bibr83-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2008.05.024"},{"key":"bibr84-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-14-05955.1999"},{"key":"bibr85-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2006.8.4\/ssmith"},{"key":"bibr86-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-011-1046-x"},{"key":"bibr87-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.291.5503.490"},{"key":"bibr88-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-4179(90)90059-8"},{"key":"bibr89-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1994.266.6.E964"},{"key":"bibr90-0748730415580881","first-page":"60","volume":"3","author":"Williams WP","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"bibr91-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1330283"},{"key":"bibr92-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-14-0141"},{"key":"bibr93-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068793"},{"key":"bibr94-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2012-2274"},{"key":"bibr95-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.3.1097"},{"key":"bibr96-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0308709101"},{"key":"bibr97-0748730415580881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2009-0501"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biological Rhythms"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0748730415580881","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0748730415580881","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0748730415580881","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T20:02:40Z","timestamp":1777492960000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0748730415580881"}},"subtitle":["Hypophyseal Rhythms and Their Physiological Significance"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,29]]},"references-count":97,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0748730415580881"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0748730415580881","relation":{},"ISSN":["0748-7304","1552-4531"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0748-7304","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-4531","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,29]]}}}