{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T03:00:29Z","timestamp":1784257229170,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,28]],"date-time":"2021-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624838400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR000154"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR000154"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01HL145099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01HL145099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL085705"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL085705"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL109706"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL109706"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL132150"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL132150"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F32DK111161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F32DK111161"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014900","name":"Sleep Research Society Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["011-JP-16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["011-JP-16"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014900","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biol Rhythms"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Measuring individual circadian phase is important to diagnose and treat circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders and circadian misalignment, inform chronotherapy, and advance circadian science. Initial findings using blood transcriptomics to predict the circadian phase marker dim-light melatonin onset (DLMO) show promise. Alternatively, there are limited attempts using metabolomics to predict DLMO and no known omics-based biomarkers predict dim-light melatonin offset (DLMOff). We analyzed the human plasma metabolome during adequate and insufficient sleep to predict DLMO and DLMOff using one blood sample. Sixteen (8 male\/8 female) healthy participants aged 22.4 \u00b1 4.8 years (mean \u00b1 SD) completed an in-laboratory study with 3 baseline days (9 h sleep opportunity\/night), followed by a randomized cross-over protocol with 9-h adequate sleep and 5-h insufficient sleep conditions, each lasting 5 days. Blood was collected hourly during the final 24 h of each condition to independently determine DLMO and DLMOff. Blood samples collected every 4 h were analyzed by untargeted metabolomics and were randomly split into training (68%) and test (32%) sets for biomarker analyses. DLMO and DLMOff biomarker models were developed using partial least squares regression in the training set followed by performance assessments using the test set. At baseline, the DLMOff model showed the highest performance (0.91 R\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    and 1.1 \u00b1 1.1 h median absolute error \u00b1 interquartile range [MdAE \u00b1 IQR]), with significantly ( p &lt; 0.01) lower prediction error versus the DLMO model. When all conditions (baseline, 9 h, and 5 h) were included in performance analyses, the DLMO (0.60 R\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ; 2.2 \u00b1 2.8 h MdAE; 44% of the samples with an error under 2 h) and DLMOff (0.62 R\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ; 1.8 \u00b1 2.6 h MdAE; 51% of the samples with an error under 2 h) models were not statistically different. These findings show promise for metabolomics-based biomarkers of circadian phase and highlight the need to test biomarkers that predict multiple circadian phase markers under different physiological conditions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/07487304211025402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T00:35:49Z","timestamp":1624926949000},"page":"369-383","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Identification of a Preliminary Plasma Metabolome-based Biomarker for Circadian Phase in Humans"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8518-5918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Cogswell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Bisesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. R.","family":"Markwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Cruickshank-Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"McHill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado"},{"name":"Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. L.","family":"Melanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"Eastern Colorado Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Denver, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Reisdorph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"K. P.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2528-5455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. M.","family":"Depner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado"},{"name":"Department of Health and Kinesiology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7434030"},{"key":"bibr2-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07420528.2012.699122"},{"key":"bibr3-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09540261.2014.911149"},{"key":"bibr4-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.27083"},{"key":"bibr5-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbl016"},{"key":"bibr6-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1800314115"},{"key":"bibr7-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1819173116"},{"key":"bibr8-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-81-322-3688-7_13"},{"key":"bibr9-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.1999.00575.x"},{"key":"bibr10-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsaa180"},{"key":"bibr11-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky310"},{"key":"bibr12-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.5142"},{"key":"bibr13-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1222647110"},{"key":"bibr14-07487304211025402","first-page":"51670","volume":"89","author":"Cruickshank-Quinn C","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"bibr15-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1114410109"},{"key":"bibr16-07487304211025402","volume-title":"Sleep","volume":"43","author":"Depner C","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr17-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsz321"},{"key":"bibr18-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1714813115"},{"key":"bibr19-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730420940483"},{"key":"bibr20-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-24288-2.00075-1"},{"key":"bibr21-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsaa281"},{"key":"bibr22-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/074873002129002294"},{"key":"bibr23-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1010666108"},{"key":"bibr24-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2015.10.011"},{"key":"bibr25-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2017.1363226"},{"key":"bibr26-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db15-0659"},{"key":"bibr27-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730413484697"},{"key":"bibr28-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgg.2014.04.001"},{"key":"bibr29-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz754"},{"key":"bibr30-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aal2774"},{"key":"bibr31-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3883493"},{"key":"bibr32-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt589"},{"key":"bibr33-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-017-0406-4"},{"key":"bibr34-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27574"},{"key":"bibr35-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201700323R"},{"key":"bibr36-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt1067"},{"key":"bibr37-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxj037"},{"key":"bibr38-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.1.27"},{"key":"bibr39-07487304211025402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1207768109"},{"key":"bibr40-07487304211025402","unstructured":"Keppel G (1991) Design and analysis: a researcher\u2019s handbook. 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