{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T06:47:07Z","timestamp":1777790827138,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,4,1]],"date-time":"1997-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":859852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Biol Rhythms"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Ocular melatonin rhythms in the goldfish were studied and compared to those in the pineal organ and plasma. Under light:dark (LD) of 12 h light:12 h dark, melatonin contents in the eye as well as the pineal organ and plasma exhibited clear day-night changes with higher levels at mid-dark than at mid-light. However, melatonin contents in the eye at mid-light and mid-dark were approximately 100 and 9 times greater than those in the pineal organ, respectively. Day-night changes of ocular melatonin persisted after pinealectomy, which abolished those in plasma melatonin under LD 12:12. Ocular melatonin contents in the pinealectomized fish at mid-light were significantly higher than those in the sham-operated control. Under constant darkness (DD), circadian melatonin rhythms were observed in the eye but damped on the 3rd day, whereas plasma melatonin rhythms generated by the pineal organ persisted for at least 3 days. Under constant light, ocular melatonin contents exhibited a significant fluctuation with a smaller amplitude than that under DD, whereas plasma melatonin remained at low levels. These results indicate the involvement of LD cycles, a circadian clock, and the pineal organ in the regulation of ocular melatonin rhythms in the goldfish.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/074873049701200209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,11]],"date-time":"2007-03-11T03:24:21Z","timestamp":1173583461000},"page":"182-192","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Ocular Melatonin Rhythms in the Goldfish, Carassius auratus"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Iigo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki 216, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Furukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113, 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A., Ali Ma, and Falc\u00f3n J (1992a) Melatonin and its effects in fishes: An overview. 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