{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T23:01:59Z","timestamp":1792623719043,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,25]],"date-time":"2020-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585094400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Can Assoc Radiol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to determine whether a combined diagnosis of whole-lesion histogram analysis of T1- and T2-weighted imaging based on support vector machine (SVM) can distinguish pheochromocytoma from adrenal adenoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A pathology database was retrospectively appraised over a period of 7 years and we obtained 40 histopathologically proven adrenal adenomas and 20 pheochromocytomas with magnetic resonance images. The T1-weighted imaging (T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      WI, including both in phase and opposed phase) and T2-weighted imaging (T\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      WI) images of each patients were analyzed using Mazda software. Nine parameters were selected as indicators of comparison: variance, skewness, kurtosis, mean, 1st percentile, 10th percentile, 50th percentile, 90th percentile, and 99th percentile. The parameters with differential-diagnosis significance were used to establish the combined diagnostic model of SVM.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among the 9 parameters extracted using histogram analysis, the 1st percentile, 10th percentile, and 50th percentile of T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      WI (in phase) and the skewness of T\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      WI and almost all parameters of T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      WI (opposed phase), except variance and 99th percentile, showed statistical significance between groups. Among the above parameters, the area under the curve (AUC) of 10th percentile of T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      WI (opposed phase) was the largest with the value of 0.909 (100.0% sensitivity and 80.0% specificity). After the analysis of combined diagnosis was performed, the AUC of SVM model in testing set showed the value of 0.917 (85.0% accuracy).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Whole-lesion histogram analysis of T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      WI and T\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      WI may help differentiate adrenal adenomas from pheochromocytomas. Furthermore, the combined diagnosis of T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      WI and T\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      WI histogram based on SVM was more effective than most of individual histogram parameters.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0846537120911736","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,25]],"date-time":"2020-03-25T06:26:11Z","timestamp":1585117571000},"page":"452-459","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Combined Diagnosis of Whole-Lesion Histogram Analysis of T1- and T2-Weighted Imaging for Differentiating Adrenal Adenoma and Pheochromocytoma: A Support Vector Machine-Based Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Junhong","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kangkang","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shujian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4223-5011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingliang","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-16-0467"},{"key":"bibr2-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.2799"},{"key":"bibr3-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-18-0138"},{"key":"bibr4-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.12.9753"},{"key":"bibr5-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-1498"},{"key":"bibr6-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp065470"},{"key":"bibr7-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2010.06.013"},{"key":"bibr8-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.181.6.1811663"},{"key":"bibr9-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RLU.0b013e318263923d"},{"key":"bibr10-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-016-4549-2"},{"key":"bibr11-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2014.512"},{"key":"bibr12-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.15.15318"},{"key":"bibr13-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2017170056"},{"key":"bibr14-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clbc.2017.08.002"},{"key":"bibr15-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25452"},{"key":"bibr16-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002574"},{"key":"bibr17-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185118778873"},{"key":"bibr18-0846537120911736","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2008.12.010"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr19-0846537120911736","volume":"15","author":"Zhang B","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genet Mol Res"},{"key":"bibr20-0846537120911736","unstructured":"Vapnik DM, Zhang XG. 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