{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T10:31:22Z","timestamp":1790937082562,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,8,1]],"date-time":"2000-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":965088000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Child Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of this study was to determine the safety and tolerability of the immunomodulatory agent thalidomide as adjunct therapy in children with tuberculous meningitis. Children with stage 2 tuberculous meningitis received oral thalidomide for 28 days in a dose-escalating study, in addition to standard four-drug antituberculosis therapy, corticosteroids, and specific treatment of complications such as raised intracranial pressure. Clinical and laboratory evaluations were carried out. Fifteen patients (median age, 34 months) were enrolled. Thalidomide was administered via nasogastric tube in a dosage of 6 mg\/kg\/day, 12 mg\/kg\/day, or 24 mg\/kg\/day. The only adverse events possibly related to the study drug were transient skin rashes in two patients. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 in the cerebrospinal fluid decreased markedly during thalidomide therapy. Clinical outcome and neurologic imaging showed greater improvement than that experienced with historical controls. Thalidomide appeared safe and well tolerated in children with stage 2 tuberculous meningitis and could have important anti-inflammatory effects. These promising results have led us to embark on a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the efficacy of thalidomide in tuberculous meningitis. ( J Child Neurol 2000;15:497-503).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/088307380001500801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,24]],"date-time":"2008-01-24T19:24:33Z","timestamp":1201202673000},"page":"497-503","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Adjunctive Thalidomide Therapy of Childhood Tuberculous Meningitis: Possible Anti-Inflammatory Role"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Johan F.","family":"Schoeman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch and Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscilla","family":"Springer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch and Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Ravenscroft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch and Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter R.","family":"Donald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch and Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda-Gail","family":"Bekker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita Janse","family":"van Rensburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch and Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willem A.","family":"Hanekom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick A. J.","family":"Haslett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilla","family":"Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","first-page":"1","volume":"23","author":"National","year":"1996","journal-title":"Comm"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/42.5.256"},{"key":"atypb3","first-page":"75","volume":"68","author":"Deeny JE","year":"1985","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"atypb4","unstructured":"Dastur DK, Lalitha VS: The many facets of neurotuberculosis: An epitome of neuropathology , in Zimmerman HM (ed): Progress in Neuropathology. New York, Grune & Stratton, 1973, pp 351-408."},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1991.tb14899.x"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088307389501000417"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/19.6.1092"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.99.2.226"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/21.4.924"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.177.6.1675"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/515327"},{"key":"atypb12","first-page":"582","volume":"1","author":"Medical Research Council Tuberculosis Trials Committee","year":"1948","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/513665"},{"key":"atypb14","first-page":"169","volume":"77","author":"Siesjo BK","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pathophysiology. J"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1074-7613(95)90001-2"},{"key":"atypb16","first-page":"1099","volume":"145","author":"Mertsola J.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.11.1885"}],"container-title":["Journal of Child Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/088307380001500801","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/088307380001500801","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T20:34:46Z","timestamp":1777494886000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/088307380001500801"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/088307380001500801"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/088307380001500801","relation":{},"ISSN":["0883-0738","1708-8283"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0883-0738","type":"print"},{"value":"1708-8283","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]}}}