{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T16:47:09Z","timestamp":1792687629243,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,1]],"date-time":"2003-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1046476800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Child Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To study the spectrum of epilepsy in children with cerebral palsy, 105 consecutive children with cerebral palsy and active epilepsy, between 1 and 14 years of age, were studied prospectively. A detailed history and examination, electroencephalography (EEG), and computed tomography (CT) were done in all cases. The social quotient was assessed using the Vineland Social Maturity Scale. A retrospective cohort of 452 cases of cerebral palsy was studied to find the prevalence of epilepsy in cerebral palsy. A control group of 60 age-matched children with cerebral palsy but no epilepsy was also studied for comparison of the social quotient. Of the 105 children, 65 were male, 40 of 105 (38%) had a history of birth asphyxia. The mean age of onset of seizures was 18.9 months; 64 (60.95%) had seizure onset before 1 year of age. Children with myoclonic seizures ( P &lt; .05) and infantile spasms ( P &lt; .01) had seizure onset significantly early in life. Generalized seizures were the most common, followed by partial seizures, infantile spasms, and other myoclonic seizures. Seizures were controlled in 45 (58.1%) children, and polytherapy was required in 40 children. EEG and CT abnormalities were seen in 70.5% and 61% of the children. Seizure control was achieved in 74% of the patients with a normal to borderline social quotient compared with 48.7% with a social quotient less than 70. Social quotient values had a positive correlation with age of onset of seizures ( P &lt; .01) and with better control of seizures ( P &lt; .01). Of the cohort of 452 children, 160 (35.4%) had epilepsy. The maximum incidence (66%) was seen in children with spastic hemiplegia, followed by quadriplegia (42.6%) and diplegia (15.8%). Epilepsy in cerebral palsy is seen in about one third of cases; it is often severe and difficult to control, particularly in children with mental retardation. ( J Child Neurol 2003; 18: 174\u2014179).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08830738030180030601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,21]],"date-time":"2007-06-21T22:00:05Z","timestamp":1182463205000},"page":"174-179","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Epilepsy in Children With Cerebral Palsy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Pratibha","family":"Singhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, , ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujeet","family":"Jagirdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narendra","family":"Khandelwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prahbhjot","family":"Malhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1992.tb11479.x"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"Pediatric Aspects of Cerebral Palsy","author":"Ingram Tts","year":"1962"},{"issue":"345","key":"atypb3","first-page":"65","volume":"77","author":"Uvebrandt P.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Scand"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1995.tb13515.x"},{"key":"atypb5","first-page":"37","volume":"35","author":"Singhi PD","year":"1998","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02859408"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1981.tb06159.x"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1989.tb05316.x"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1993.tb00433.x"},{"key":"atypb10","volume-title":"Indian adaptation of Vineland Social Maturity Scale. Lucknow, Indian","author":"Malin AJ","year":"1971"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/48.3.162"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1997.tb07359.x"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088307389901400504"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(16)38549-2"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1990.tb16925.x"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1990.tb08129.x"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0012162201001281"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1990.tb08426.x"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.97.2.192","volume":"97","author":"Delgado MR","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00339394"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1996.tb00037.x"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/115.1.315"}],"container-title":["Journal of Child Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08830738030180030601","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08830738030180030601","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T20:34:06Z","timestamp":1777494846000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08830738030180030601"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,3]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08830738030180030601"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08830738030180030601","relation":{},"ISSN":["0883-0738","1708-8283"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0883-0738","type":"print"},{"value":"1708-8283","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,3]]}}}