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The primary outcome measure was the change in maximum speed of hand movement during attempted forward reaching. Escalating doses of 12.5, 25, and 50 U\/kg per muscle were injected at each of 3 visits. Reaching speed improved in response to injection, and dystonia scores on the Burke-Fahn-Marsden dystonia scale, the Unified Dystonia Rating Scale, and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale improved. There was not a dose-related effect on efficacy. There were no serious adverse events. Two children reported transient weakness. These results support the use of botulinum toxin type B as a safe and effective treatment for upper extremity dystonia in children with cerebral palsy. Larger controlled trials are needed to confirm these results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073807299975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,4]],"date-time":"2007-04-04T19:01:28Z","timestamp":1175713288000},"page":"116-122","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Botulinum Toxin Type B Improves the Speed of Reaching in Children With Cerebral Palsy and Arm Dystonia: An Open-Label, Dose-Escalation Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Terence D.","family":"Sanger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Child Neurology and Movement Disorders, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sahana N.","family":"Kukke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Child Neurology and Movement Disorders, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, 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