{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T07:43:43Z","timestamp":1779090223986,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,1]],"date-time":"2007-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177977600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Child Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects 3% to 7% of school-age children. Approximately 30% of the children with ADHD also have comorbid anxiety or oppositional defiant disorder. Methylphenidate is the drug of choice for the medical treatment of such cases. When compared with children with ADHD alone, children with comorbid anxiety or oppositional defiant disorder may show worsening of the global attention score in response to methylphenidate and not only a \u201creduced response,\u201d as reported in previous studies. This study included 1122 children diagnosed as ADHD, of which 174 were diagnosed with comorbid anxiety and 141 with comorbid oppositional defiant disorder. All patients performed the Test of Variables of Attention before and after methylphenidate administration. A normal distribution (Gaussian distribution) of reaction to methylphenidate, as measured by the global ADHD score in children diagnosed as pure ADHD, was found. These findings were in contrast to children with ADHD and comorbid anxiety or oppositional defiant disorder who showed a bimodal distribution and hence represent a distinct population. In both groups with comorbid disorders, there was a larger subgroup in which significant worsening of global ADHD score occurred after methylphenidate administration (P &lt; .05). Children with ADHD and comorbid anxiety or oppositional defiant disorder might represent clinically distinct populations in which inattention is secondary to those disorders; therefore, methylphenidate may be an inappropriate treatment for such children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073807303221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,9]],"date-time":"2007-07-09T19:13:39Z","timestamp":1184008419000},"page":"538-542","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Differential Stimulant Response on Attention in Children With Comorbid Anxiety and Oppositional Defiant Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Helly","family":"Goez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Neurodevelopment Center, Rakati, Tiberias,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Odea","family":"Back-Bennet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Carmel Medical Center and the B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathanel","family":"Zelnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Carmel Medical Center and the B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr-0","volume-title":"Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Handbook for Diagnosis and Treatment","author":"Barkley R.","year":"1993","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1987.01800130081010"},{"key":"bibr-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1988.01800260024003","volume":"45","author":"Bird HR","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.152.12.1793"},{"key":"bibr-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1988.03410150104040"},{"key":"bibr-5","first-page":"285","volume":"25","author":"Rapport MD","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol Bull."},{"key":"bibr-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-198911000-00012"},{"key":"bibr-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199507000-00012"},{"key":"bibr-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1975.01760210115009"},{"key":"bibr-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.61.1.21","volume":"61","author":"Swanson JM","year":"1978","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"bibr-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/8.2.161"},{"key":"bibr-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700013039"},{"key":"bibr-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.1992.2.115"},{"key":"bibr-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199407000-00016"},{"key":"bibr-14","volume-title":"TOVA: Test of Variables of Attention: Clinical Guide","author":"Greenberg LM","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr-15","volume-title":"DSM-IV. 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