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Six percent of children who had a normal ultrasound scan were microcephalic compared with 15% to 20% who had intraventricular hemorrhage, an echolucent lesion, or ventriculomegaly. The odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for microcephaly associated with different ultrasound images were intraventricular hemorrhage, 1.5 (0.8-3.0); ventriculomegaly, 3.3 (1.8-6.0); an echodense lesion, 1.6 (0.7-3.5); and an echolucent lesion, 3.1 (1.5-6.2). Ventriculomegaly and an echolucent lesion had very similar low positive predictive values (24% and 27%, respectively) and high negative predictive values (91% and 90%, respectively) for microcephaly. Ventriculomegaly had a higher sensitivity for microcephaly than did an echolucent lesion (24% vs 16%, respectively). Focal white-matter lesion (echolucent lesion) and diffuse white-matter damage (ventriculomegaly) predict an increased risk of microcephaly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073810377017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,20]],"date-time":"2010-08-20T00:21:09Z","timestamp":1282263669000},"page":"188-194","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Early Cranial Ultrasound Lesions Predict Microcephaly at Age 2 Years in Preterm Infants"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Kalpathy S.","family":"Krishnamoorthy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology\/Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karl C. 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