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Moreover, the broad spectrum of symptoms including, psychosis, catatonia, alterations of behavior and memory, seizures, abnormal movements, and autonomic dysregulation usually requires a multidisciplinary treatment approach. This review focuses in several forms of encephalitis that occur in children, and for which an autoimmune etiology has been demonstrated (eg, anti- N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis) or is strongly suspected (eg, Rasmussen encephalitis, limbic encephalitis, opsoclonus-myoclonus). The authors also review several disorders that may be immune mediated, such as the rapid onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation and autonomic dysregulation (ROHHAD) syndrome and some encephalopathies with fever and status epilepticus. Recognition of novel immune-mediated encephalitis is important because some of these disorders are highly responsive to immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073812448838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,30]],"date-time":"2012-08-30T20:18:03Z","timestamp":1346357883000},"page":"1460-1469","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":171,"title":["Autoimmune Encephalitis in Children"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Tha\u00eds","family":"Armangue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Service of Neurology, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar","family":"Petit-Pedrol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Service of Neurology, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josep","family":"Dalmau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Service of Neurology, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Instituci\u00f3 Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avan\u00e7ats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0883073812448838","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-009-0799-0"},{"key":"bibr2-0883073812448838","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318224afde"},{"key":"bibr3-0883073812448838","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70224-2"},{"key":"bibr4-0883073812448838","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70222-X"},{"key":"bibr5-0883073812448838","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir1038"},{"key":"bibr6-0883073812448838","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70253-2"},{"key":"bibr7-0883073812448838","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq113"},{"key":"bibr8-0883073812448838","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Titulaer MJ, McCracken L, Gabilondo I et al. 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