{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T10:32:59Z","timestamp":1777804379669,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]],"date-time":"2019-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555977600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Child Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is a severe and disabling disease that manifests with severe relapses of optic neuritis, longitudinally extensive myelitis, and\/or brainstem syndromes. The disease is complex and, although onset typically occurs in middle age, children and adolescents may be affected. The present study adds to the literature through detailed clinical data from 36 Brazilian patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder starting before age 21. This was a retrospective assessment of medical records from 14 specialized units in Brazil. The results showed that the course of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder was worse in patients with disease onset before the age of 12 years. Gender and ethnic background did not influence disability accumulation. Over a median period of 8 years, 14% of the patients who presented the initial symptoms of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder before the age of 21 years died. In conclusion, the present study adds to the reports from other authors examining the severity of early-onset neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073819842421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]],"date-time":"2019-04-23T06:06:40Z","timestamp":1555999600000},"page":"487-490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders With Early Onset"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8726-089X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yara Dadalti","family":"Fragoso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nise Alessandra C.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Getulio Vargas, Manaus, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tania","family":"Saad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuropediatric Division, Fernandes Figueira Institute - FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soniza Vieira","family":"Alves-Leon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Lucia V.","family":"Pimentel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Santa Casa Misericordia do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus Vinicius M.","family":"Goncalves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Universidade da Regiao de Joinville, Joinville, SC, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla Vieira","family":"Stella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise Sisterolli","family":"Diniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, GO, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gutemberg C.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Universidade Estacio de Sa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sidney","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hospital Beneficencia Portuguesa de Sao Paulo and Hospital Paulistano, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tarso","family":"Adoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Anacleto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rinaldo","family":"Claudino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabiola Rachid","family":"Malfetano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hospital Naval Marcilio Dias, Angra dos Reis, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thereza Cristina d\u2019\u00c1vila","family":"Winckler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Damasceno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Audred C. 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