{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T06:24:37Z","timestamp":1793255077673,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627430400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"italian ministry of health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RRC-2013-2353257"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RRC-2013-2353257"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Child Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We report a case series of children with childhood apraxia of speech, by describing behavioral and white matter microstructural changes following 2 different treatment approaches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Five children with childhood apraxia of speech were assigned to a motor speech treatment (PROMPT) and 5 to a language, nonspeech oral motor treatment. Speech assessment and brain MRI were performed pre- and post-treatment. The ventral (tongue\/larynx) and dorsal (lips) corticobulbar tracts were reconstructed in each subject. Mean fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity were extracted. The hand corticospinal tract was assessed as a control pathway. In both groups speech improvements paralleled changes in the left ventral corticobulbar tract fractional anisotropy. The PROMPT treated group also showed fractional anisotropy increase and mean diffusivity decrease in the left dorsal corticobulbar tract. No changes were detected in the hand tract. Our results may provide preliminary support to the possible neurobiologic effect of a multimodal speech motor treatment in childhood apraxia of speech.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08830738211015800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T04:20:19Z","timestamp":1627446019000},"page":"958-967","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Neural Changes Induced by a Speech Motor Treatment in Childhood Apraxia of Speech: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0933-6120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Fiori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Pannek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CSIRO, Health and Biosecurity, Australian E-Health Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Podda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parole al Centro, Studio di Logopedia e Neuropsicomotricit\u00e0, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Cipriani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Lorenzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Franchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Pasquariello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Guzzetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Cioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Chilosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. Childhood apraxia of speech [Technical Report] (2007). www.asha.org\/policy."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40474-014-0019-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2015.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000420"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2016.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2015.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.14150"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3778"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.06.081"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2412"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"2015","article-title":"Brain plasticity following intensive bimanual therapy in children with hemiparesis: preliminary evidence","volume":"798481","author":"Weinstein M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Weinstein M, Myers V, Green D, et al. Brain plasticity following intensive bimanual therapy in children with hemiparesis: preliminary evidence. Neural Plast. 2015;2015:798481.","journal-title":"Neural Plast"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn4023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2014_AJSLP-13-0035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10548-013-0308-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1085172"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12083"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Namasivayam AK Huynh A Granata F Law V van Lieshout P. PROMPT intervention for children with severe speech motor delay: a randomzed control trial. Pediatr Res. 2021;89(3):613\u2013621.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-020-0924-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182840c6d"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2014_JSLHR-S-12-0358"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699206.2010.503006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699206.2012.655841"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2050572814Y.0000000046"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.06.060"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2952"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","volume-title":"Verbal Motor Production Assessment for Children (VMPAC)","author":"Hayden DA","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hayden DA, Square P. Verbal Motor Production Assessment for Children (VMPAC). San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation; 1999."},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","first-page":"46","article-title":"Perceptual and articulatory changes in speech following PROMPT treatment","volume":"18","author":"Grigos M","year":"2010","unstructured":"Grigos M, Hayden D, Eigen J. Perceptual and articulatory changes in speech following PROMPT treatment. J Med Speech-Lang Pathol. 2010;18(4):46\u201353.","journal-title":"J Med Speech-Lang Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2013\/12-0055)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2013.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17549507.2012.713393"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17549507.2013.876662"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2005.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.02040"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2017.314"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2017.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10749357.2017.1399231"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699206.2016.1268209"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000338611"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.02.043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh172"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e3280109260"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2011.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-011-0372-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt163"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2018.10.015"}],"container-title":["Journal of Child Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08830738211015800","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08830738211015800","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08830738211015800","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T20:40:04Z","timestamp":1777495204000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08830738211015800"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08830738211015800"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08830738211015800","relation":{},"ISSN":["0883-0738","1708-8283"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0883-0738","type":"print"},{"value":"1708-8283","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]]}}}