{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:08:02Z","timestamp":1787018882974,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6-7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Child Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, we reviewed the safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injection with respect to motor development in children with spastic cerebral palsy aged\u2009&lt;2 years. Randomized controlled trials of BoNT-A published between July 1993 and May 2021 were searched in PubMed, WANFANG, CNKI (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure), and Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials using keywords \u201cBotulinum Toxin,\u201d \u201ccerebral palsy,\u201d \u201cnao xing tan huan,\u201d \u201cnao tan,\u201d and \u201crou du du su.\u201d The 11-item PEDro Scale was used to rate the quality of all the identified studies. Twelve studies, involving 656 subjects, met the inclusion criteria, and of these, 2 involved patients aged\u2009&lt;2 years. Treatment safety was assessed based on adverse event (AE) number and frequency, and efficacy was assessed based on spasticity, range of movement, and motor development. We observed that 3 self-limiting adverse events that were frequently reported included weakness, dysesthesia of the skin, and pain at the injection site. Moreover, there was a significant decrease in the incidence of spasticity and a notable improvement in the range of movement of BoNT-A\u2013treated patients. Therefore, BoNT-A injection shows great safety and efficacy in the treatment of children with cerebral palsy aged\u2009&lt;2 years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08830738231183484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T02:32:27Z","timestamp":1689042747000},"page":"454-465","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Safety and Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin Type A in Children With Spastic Cerebral Palsy Aged &lt;2 Years: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Hongyi","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0071-4922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shiwei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yijing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"Dianliang Tongnian Pediatric Clinic, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minlin","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linfei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzhen","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"Dianliang Tongnian Pediatric Clinic, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-08830738231183484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61835-8"},{"key":"bibr2-08830738231183484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874205X01509010045"},{"key":"bibr3-08830738231183484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2010.03844.x"},{"key":"bibr4-08830738231183484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.82"},{"key":"bibr5-08830738231183484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-50592-3"},{"key":"bibr6-08830738231183484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0b013e3181870ba7"},{"key":"bibr7-08830738231183484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215504cr697oa"},{"key":"bibr8-08830738231183484","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-74558-9_41","volume-title":"Cerebral Palsy","author":"McManus M","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr9-08830738231183484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2013.02.006"},{"key":"bibr10-08830738231183484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-199307000-00013"},{"key":"bibr11-08830738231183484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12246"},{"key":"bibr12-08830738231183484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2016.00029"},{"key":"bibr13-08830738231183484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-013-0511-x"},{"key":"bibr14-08830738231183484","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration. 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