{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T07:11:54Z","timestamp":1785222714641,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Child Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objectives:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This retrospective study enrolled consecutive children aged 2-18 years with developmental and\/or epileptic encephalopathy with continuous spike and wave during sleep (D)EE-SWAS who received oral high-dose diazepam therapy. Their clinical, electroencephalographic (EEG), and radiologic data were reviewed and summarized.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Thirty-five eligible patients were identified. The mean age at EEG diagnosis of (D)EE-SWAS was 6 years. Focal seizures (57.1%) were most commonly noted at the time of diagnosis. A definite language regression was reported in 10 patients (28.6%). The etiologies included structural (34.3%), genetic (22.9%), and unknown (42.9%). The mean spike-wave index at the time of high-dose diazepam initiation was 88.9% (standard deviation 11%). Sixteen patients (45.7%) showed \u226550% reduction in spike-wave index following the test doses of high-dose diazepam. Most patients tolerated the therapy well. Nonstructural etiology was associated with a good EEG response (\u03b2\u2009=\u20092.61,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.008). The mean duration of follow-up after EEG diagnosis was 6.1 years. All patients were seizure free at last follow-up except one. Persisting SWAS (spike-wave index \u2009&gt;\u200950%) at last follow-up was noted in 12 patients (34.3%).\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This single-center small retrospective study showed that nearly half of the patients showed \u226550% reduction in spike-wave index following the test doses of high-dose diazepam in patients with (D)EE-SWAS.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08830738251322227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T12:27:31Z","timestamp":1742214451000},"page":"448-454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Short-term EEG Outcomes in Children With Developmental and\/or Epileptic Encephalopathy With Spike and Wave Activation in Sleep (DEE-SWAS) Treated With High-Dose Diazepam"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Sonali","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Sick Children"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6009-0859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayako","family":"Ochi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Sick Children"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Otsubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Sick Children"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Cortez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Sick Children"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vann","family":"Chau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Sick Children"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Sick Children"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohit","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Sick Children"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaitlin","family":"Flynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Sick Children"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1126-0548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Donner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Sick Children"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3320-2851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Puneet","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Sick Children"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Epileptic Encephalopathy with continuous spike and wave during sleep. 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