{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T16:48:27Z","timestamp":1793033307201,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Tourette Association of America Clinical Research Training Scholarship","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00x2ve368","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006457","name":"Child Neurology Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006457","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005339","name":"American Academy of Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005331","name":"American Brain Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005331","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Child Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Many individuals with chronic tic disorders endorse sensory dysregulation. Whether sensory dysregulation is linked with co-occurring conditions or associated with greater tic severity, urge severity, or severity of co-occurring conditions in this population is unknown. Characterizing sensory dysregulation in chronic tic disorders may help illustrate the mechanisms underlying development of chronic tic disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We enrolled 40 subjects ages 6 to 17 with chronic tic disorders. Sensory profiles were determined by the parent-proxy reported Short Sensory Profile 2 or the self-reported Adolescent\/Adult Sensory Profile. Symptom severities for anxiety, tics, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and premonitory urge were assessed. Anxiety disorder diagnoses were determined using the Anxiety and Related Disorders-IV Child and Parent Interview. Obsessive-compulsive disorder and ADHD diagnoses were determined by clinician interview. Relationships between abnormal sensory profiles and co-occurring conditions were assessed with the Fisher exact test. Relationships between sensory profiles and continuous variables were assessed using Student 2-sided\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      test and linear regression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Greater total sensory profile scores in youth with chronic tic disorders were associated with worse tic (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.001) and premonitory urge severities (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.002). Participants with abnormal sensory avoidance and sensitivity had greater obsessive-compulsive disorder (avoidance:\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001; sensitivity:\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.002), ADHD (avoidance:\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.01; sensitivity:\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001), and anxiety (Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders [SCARED]\u2013Parent avoidance:\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.009; SCARED\u2013Parent sensitivity:\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.01; SCARED\u2013Child avoidance:\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.004; SCARED\u2013Child sensitivity:\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001) symptom severity compared with participants with normal sensory avoidance and sensitivity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sensory dysregulation, specifically abnormal sensory avoidance and sensory sensitivity, is common in youth with chronic tic disorders and associated with increased severity of chronic tic disorders\u2013related symptoms and co-occurring conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08830738251351806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T06:43:08Z","timestamp":1753425788000},"page":"195-205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Sensory Dysregulation Is Associated With Worse Symptom Severities in Youth With Tic Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5921-4306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin","family":"Hendry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Rochester"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Rochester"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7743-5045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yelizaveta","family":"Sapozhnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7867-3710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan W.","family":"Mink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant, Pittsford, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3519-0946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika C.","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DBT Works, LLC, Concord, MA, USA"},{"name":"McLean Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8471-2627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leona","family":"Oakes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oakes Psychological Services, Rochester, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5992-4297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heather R.","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Rochester"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andy","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3893-2922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Vermilion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Rochester"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26089"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2012.05.002"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"15","article-title":"Clinical utility of screening for anxiety and depression in children with Tourette syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Marwitz L","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marwitz L, Pringsheim T. 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