{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:12:14Z","timestamp":1777853534209,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,12]],"date-time":"2008-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1218499200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Intensive Care Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To shorten the transplantation waiting time in the United States, federal regulations have been introduced requiring hospitals to develop policies for organ donation after cardiac (or circulatory) death (DCD). The practice of DCD is invoked based on the validity of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) protocol and relies on the accuracy of the University of Wisconsin (UW) evaluation tool to appropriately identify organ donors. There is little evidence to support the position that the criteria for organ procurement adopted from the UPMC protocol complies with the dead donor rule. A high false-positive rate of the UW evaluation tool can expose many dying patients to unnecessary perimortem interventions because of donation failure. The medications and\/or interventions for the sole purpose of maintaining organ viability can have unintended negative consequences on the timing and quality of end-of-life care offered to organ donors. It is essential to address and manage the evolving conflict between optimal end-of-life care and the necessary sacrifices for the procurement of transplantable organs from the terminally ill. The recipients of marginal organs recovered from DCD can also suffer higher mortality and morbidity than recipients of other types of donated organs. Finally, transparent disclosure to the public of the risks involved to both organ donors and recipients may contribute to open societal debate on the ethical acceptability of DCD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066608320928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,22]],"date-time":"2008-07-22T20:34:37Z","timestamp":1216758877000},"page":"303-312","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Organ Procurement After Cardiocirculatory Death: A Critical Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Mohamed Y.","family":"Rady","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph L.","family":"Verheijde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"McGregor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioethics, Policy, and Law Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2007.01779.x","volume":"7","author":"Punch JD","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2007.01778.x","volume":"7","author":"Port FK","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2753","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V12122753","volume":"12","author":"Xue JL","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2006.01269.x"},{"key":"atypb5","volume-title":"U.S. Transplantation Data","author":"United Network for Organ Sharing Organ Donation and Transplantation."},{"key":"atypb6","first-page":"7","volume":"26","author":"Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO).","year":"2006","journal-title":"Jt Comm Perspect."},{"key":"atypb7","first-page":"30981","volume":"71","author":"Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services, Department of Health and Human Services.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fed Reg"},{"key":"atypb8","volume-title":"Consensus Recommendations to the HHS Secretary","author":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Advisory Committee on Organ Transplantation."},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2005.01194.x"},{"key":"atypb10","volume-title":"Organ Donation: Opportunities for Action","author":"Committee on Increasing Rates of Organ Donation, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Institute of Medicine.","year":"2006"},{"key":"atypb11","volume-title":"Bylaws Appendix B Attachment III-DCD Recovery Protocol Model Elements","author":"United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS)."},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/ken.0.0175"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/152692480301300405"},{"key":"atypb14","volume-title":"The definition of death and the ethics of organ procurement from the deceased","author":"Rubenstein A."},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/152692480101100109"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200006000-00002"},{"key":"atypb17","volume-title":"Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation: Practice and Protocols","author":"Committee on Non-Heart-Beating Transplantation II, The Scientific and Ethical Basis for Practice and Protocols, Division of Health Care Services, Institute of Medicine.","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200109000-00029","volume":"29","author":"The Ethics Committee; American College of Critical Care Medicine; Society of Critical Care Medicine.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"atypb19","volume-title":"The growing use of donation after cardiac death donors: an expert interview with Howard M. 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