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Multiple interventions\u2014both medical and surgical\u2014exist to manage increased ICP. Medical management is used as first-line therapy; however, it is not always effective and is associated with significant risks. Decompressive hemicraniectomy is a surgical option to reduce ICP, increase cerebral compliance, and increase cerebral blood perfusion when medical management becomes insufficient. The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date summary of the use of decompressive hemicraniectomy for the management of refractory elevated ICP in malignant middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and intracerebral hemorrhage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066615601607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,31]],"date-time":"2015-08-31T21:19:29Z","timestamp":1441055969000},"page":"587-596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Decompressive Hemicraniectomy in Acute Neurological Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Angela","family":"Crudele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed 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