{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T23:48:58Z","timestamp":1783122538262,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]],"date-time":"2020-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602201600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Intensive Care Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Purpose of this report is to describe the feasibility of lingual pulse oximetry and lingual near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in a COVID-19 patient to assess lingual tissue viability after several days of mechanical ventilation in the prone position.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials &amp; Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In a COVID-19 ICU-patient, the tongue became grotesquely swollen, hardened and protruding from the oral cavity after 20 h of mechanical ventilation uninterrupted in the prone position. To assess the doubtful viability of the tongue, pulse-oximetric hemoglobin O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      -saturation (SpO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ; Nellcor, OxiMax MAX-NI, Covidien, MA, USA) and NIRS-based, regional tissue O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      -saturation measurements (rSO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ; SenSmart, Nonin, MN, USA) were performed at the tongue.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At the tongue, regular pulse-oximetric waveforms with a pulse-oximetric hemoglobin O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      -saturation (SpO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) of 88% were recorded, i.e. only slightly lower than the SpO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      reading at the extremities at that time (90%). Lingual NIRS-based rSO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      measurements yielded stable tissue rSO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      -values of 76-78%, i.e. values expected also in other adequately perfused and oxygenated (muscle-) tissues.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Despite the alarming, clinical finding of a grotesquely swollen, rubber-hard tongue and clinical concerns on the adequacy of the tongue perfusion and oxygenation, our measurements of both arterial pulsatility (SpO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) and NIRS-based tissue oxygenation (rSO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) suggested adequate perfusion and oxygenation of the tongue, rendering non-vitality of the tongue, e.g. by lingual venous thrombosis, unlikely. To our knowledge, this is the first clinical report of lingual rSO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      measurement.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066620965167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]],"date-time":"2020-10-09T05:47:38Z","timestamp":1602222458000},"page":"376-380","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Thinking Out-of-the-Box: A Non-Standard Application of Standard Pulse-Oximetry and Standard Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in a COVID-19 Patient"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Patrick","family":"Schober","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik J.","family":"Lust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leo M. A.","family":"Heunks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6119-7810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lothar A.","family":"Schwarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"20","key":"bibr1-0885066620965167","first-page":"31080","volume":"0741","author":"Bellosta R","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"bibr2-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.16749"},{"key":"bibr3-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-012-9350-4"},{"key":"bibr4-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000791"},{"key":"bibr5-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-012-9348-y"},{"key":"bibr6-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16592"},{"key":"bibr7-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.04.093"},{"key":"bibr8-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2020-0123"},{"issue":"8","key":"bibr9-0885066620965167","first-page":"E560","volume":"12","author":"Scardina GA","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"bibr10-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-016-0164-z"},{"key":"bibr11-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2007.03.011"},{"key":"bibr12-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2295333715Y.0000000045"},{"key":"bibr13-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000195676"},{"key":"bibr14-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000059722.94182.79"},{"key":"bibr15-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489.2020.1743353"},{"key":"bibr16-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1995.tb04509.x"},{"key":"bibr17-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9185.111670"},{"key":"bibr18-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1994.tb03476.x"},{"key":"bibr19-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1793-5482.106658"},{"key":"bibr20-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2017.12.003"},{"key":"bibr21-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2019.08.050"},{"key":"bibr22-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198901000-00020"},{"key":"bibr23-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03008709"},{"key":"bibr24-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199304000-00011"},{"key":"bibr25-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198802000-00014"},{"key":"bibr26-0885066620965167","first-page":"1","author":"Bouwhuis A","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Monit Comput"},{"key":"bibr27-0885066620965167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amj.2019.10.002"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intensive Care Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0885066620965167","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0885066620965167","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0885066620965167","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T22:56:40Z","timestamp":1777503400000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0885066620965167"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0885066620965167"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0885066620965167","relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-0666","1525-1489"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-0666","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-1489","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]]}}}